Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16.2, Problem 1COMQ
For the Igf2 gene, where do de novo methylation and maintenance methylation occur?
a. De novo methylation occurs in sperm, and maintenance methylation occurs in egg cells.
b. De novo methylation occurs in egg cells, and maintenance methylation occurs in sperm cells.
c. De novo methylation occurs in sperm, and maintenance methylation occurs in somatic cells of offspring.
d. De novo methylation occurs in egg cells, and maintenance methylation occurs in somatic cells of offspring.
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Explain how DNA methylation could be used to regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific way. When and where would de novo methylation occur, and when would demethylation occur? What would occur in the cells that give rise to eggs and sperm?
Imagine a scenario in which prenatal testing of a human female fetus indicates that the baby will have a normal XX karyotype but is heterozygous for a mutation that inactivates the Xist promoter. Allele “Xr” represents the mutated version of the Xist promoter, and “XR” represents the normal version of the Xist promoter.
How will this mutation affect the process of X inactivation?A. "X inactivation will still be random with both mutant and normal X chromosomes being randomly inactivated"
B. "The chromosome with the mutant Xist promoter will always be active"
C. "The chromosome with the mutant Xist promoter will always be inactivated"
D. "The normal X chromosome (no mutation in Xist) will always be active"
E. "The normal X chromosome (no mutation in Xist) will always be inactivated"
What does it mean for a transposable element to be effectively “dead”?
A.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they are only found in non-coding regions and therefore do not interfere with phenotypic expression. B.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they are no longer able to undergo transposition and move to another region of the genome.
C.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they do cause disease despite their presence.
D.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they occur only in somatic cells and therefore are not heritable.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 16.1 - Which of the following are examples of molecular...Ch. 16.1 - 2. An epigenetic modification to a specific gene...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 16.1 - Epigenetic changes may a. be programmed during...Ch. 16.2 - 1. For the Igf2 gene, where do de novo methylation...Ch. 16.2 - 2. For XCI to occur, where are the Xist and Tsix...Ch. 16.2 - 3. Which of the following possibilities could...Ch. 16.3 - 1. Which of the following statements about...Ch. 16.3 - The effects of paramutation may vary with regard...Ch. 16.4 - 1. When mice carrying theallele exhibit a darker...
Ch. 16.4 - 2. If the VIN3 gene had a loss-of-function...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 16 - Prob. 1CONQCh. 16 - List and briefly describe five types of molecular...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 16 - What is the key difference between cis and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 16 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 16 - 7. Outline the molecular steps in the process of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 16 - 9. In general, explain how epigenetic...Ch. 16 - 10. What are the contrasting roles of trithorax...Ch. 16 - Describe the molecular steps by which polycomb...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 16 - Using coat color in mice and the development of...Ch. 16 - How can environmental agents that do not cause...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 16 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 16 - Explain how the VIN3/PRC2 complex specifically...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1EQCh. 16 - In the experiments described in Figure 16.8,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3EQCh. 16 - A research study indicated that an agent in...Ch. 16 - Lets suppose you were interested in developing...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6EQCh. 16 - Prob. 7EQCh. 16 - 2. Discuss the similarities and differences of...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion What characteristics of the DSX protein enable the female- and male-specific isoforms of DSX to regulate the same genes but with different outcomes in female and male development? [multiple answers possible] A.The two isoforms are different alleles of the same gene B.The two isoforms have different DNA-binding domains C.The two isoforms are lncRNAs involved in dosage compensation D.The two isoforms differ in their activation domain E.The two isoforms share the same activation domain F. The two isoforms share the same DNA-binding domainarrow_forwardExplain how DNA methylation and the formation of a DNA loop control the expression of the Igf2 gene in mammals. How is this gene imprinted so that only the paternal copy is expressed in offspring?arrow_forwardIn mammals, males have X and Y sex chromosomes, while females have two Xs. While the Y sex chromosome has very few genes associated with it, the X sex chromosome has many that are important to maintain life. How do mammals account for this in terms of equaling out gene expression levels? A. Mammals do not need to account for this, but birds do. B. Females produce more proteins from X-linked genes than males do. C. The single X of the males works twice as hard to keep up with the female’s two Xs. D. The females have one X inactivated to permit the males to keep pace with them.arrow_forward
- Please answer A mutation within an enhancer sequence regulating the expression of the ABC1 gene was discovered. Specifically, the mutation was associated with decreased expression of ABC1 in skeletal muscle. In a heterozygous individual carrying a mutant enhancer and a wild type enhancer, which allele(s) would be affected by the mutant enhancer and why?arrow_forwardWith the understanding of DNA methylation and gene expression, answer these following questions with as little word as possible. a. What is the difference between a CpG Island vs a CpG-poor region of the genome? b. What is the typical effect of 5mCpG on gene expression, and what two classes of DNA sequences are most heavily methylated? c. What is sex-specific genomic imprinting? Cite at least one example with the given example. d. What is the main function of HOX genes: specifically, the ANT-C vs. the BX-C clusters?arrow_forwardA. Deletion of the SOX9 gene leads to sex reversal resulting in a person with karyotype 46XY being phenotypically Explain the genetic basis for this. B. Describe what would happen to the phenotype of a male with a mutation in the gene encoding SF1? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- helparrow_forwardCategorize each of the following events as an example of genetic inheritance or epigeneticinheritance. a. For a line of liver cells growing in a laboratory, a gene encoding an immune cytokine isfound in compact chromatin.b. A chromosomal rearrangement in a blood stem cell leads to leukemia.c. Haploid bees are male, and diploid bees are female.d. Among genetically identical lab mice, those exposed to cigarette smoke have a higherrate of developing lung tumorsarrow_forwardfill in the blank: a. lincRNA plays a role in regulating ___ making genes but they themselves are encoded in the genome that is considered _____ DNA. b. The most well known example of RNA regulating the expression of DNA is the production of the ___ that coats one copy of the X chromosome in a female forming the ____.arrow_forward
- Gene X is expressed in the developing brain, heart, andlungs of mice. Mutations that selectively affect gene Xfunction in these three tissues map to three differentregions (A, B, and C, respectively) 5′ of the X codingregion.a. Explain the nature of these mutations.b. Draw a map of the X locus consistent with the preceding information.c. How would you test the function of the A, B, and Cregions?arrow_forwardYou are analyzing the activity of the protein p53 in two different cell types. You notice that p53 has the same primary structure in both cells, but has a different function in each cell. What could be the reason for the functional difference in this case? A. p53 mRNA has been spliced differently in each cell type. B. p53 is phosphorylated on some amino acid residues in its transactivation domain in one cell type but not in the other cell type. C. The tetramerization domain of p53 is acetylated at the same amino acid residues in both cell types. D. All of the above E. B and C onlyarrow_forwardFor XCI to occur, where are the Xist and Tsix genes expressed?a. Xist is expressed only on Xa, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xi.b. Xist is expressed only on Xi, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xa.c. Xist is expressed only on Xa, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xa.d. Xist is expressed only on Xi, and Tsix is expressed onlyon Xi.arrow_forward
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