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Use Lewis structures to diagram the following reaction in the manner of reaction (16.24)
Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base.|
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General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
- (a) Using the expression Ka=[H+][A−]/[HA], explain how to determine which solution has the lower pH, 0.10MHF(aq) or 0.10MHC2H3O2(aq). Do not perform any numerical calculations. (b) Which solution has a higher percent ionization of the acid, a 0.10M solution of HC2H3O2(aq) or a 0.010M solution of HC2H3O2(aq) ? Justify your answer including the calculation of percent ionization for each solution.arrow_forward30. In the reaction HCl(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇒Cl¯(aq)+ H3O+ (aq) does water act as a Brønsted-Lowry acid, a Brønsted-Lowry base, or neither, or both? (A) Neither as an acid nor as a base; water is neutral (B) Both an acid and a base. (C) An acid (D) A base (E) Depends temperaturearrow_forwardThe ion HTe− is an amphiprotic species; it can act as either an acid or a base.(a) What is Ka for the acid reaction of HTe− with H2O?(b) What is Kb for the reaction in which HTe− functions as a base in water?(c) Demonstrate whether or not the second ionization of H2Te can be neglected in the calculation of [HTe−] in a 0.10 M solution of H2Te.arrow_forward
- Chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl, is a key intermediate in the manufacture of dyes and pesticides. It is made by the chlorination of benzene, catalyzed by FeCl3, in this series of steps:(a) Which of the step(s) is (are) Lewis acid-base reactions?(b) Identify the Lewis acids and bases in each of those steps.arrow_forwardIn humans, blood pH is maintained within a narrow range:acidosis occurs if the blood pH is below 7.35, and alkalosis oc-curs if the pH is above 7.45. Given that the pKᵥᵥ of blood is 13.63 at 37°C (body temperature), what is the normal range of [H₃O⁺]and of [OH⁻] in blood?arrow_forwardA 0.018 M solution of salicylic acid, HOC6H4CO2H, has the same pH as 0.0038 M HNO3solution. (a) Write an equation for the ionization of salicylic acid in aqueous solution. (Assume only the –CO2H portion of the molecule ionizes.) (b) What is the pH of solution containing 0.018 M salicylic acid? (c) Calculate the Ka of salicylic acid.arrow_forward
- Phosphoric acid, H, PO, (aq), is a triprotic acid, meaning that one molecule of the acid has pKal pKa2 pKa3 three acidic protons. Estimate the pH and the concentrations of all species in a 0.250 M phosphoric acid solution. 2.16 7.21 12.32 [H, PO,] = M [H*] = M [H,PO,] = M [OH¯] = M * TOOLS x10 [HPO;" ] = 6.2 х10-8 1.34 M pH = [PO] = Marrow_forward7arrow_forwardAn important component of blood is the buffer combination of bicarbonate ion and carbonic acid. Consider blood with a pH of 7.42. (a) What is the ratio of [H2CO3] to [HCO3− ]?(b) What does the pH become if 14% of the bicarbonate ions are converted to carbonic acid? (c) What does the pH become if 26% of the carbonic acid molecules are converted to bicarbonate ions?arrow_forward
- The propionate lon, CHCH,COO", reacts with water as a weak base: CHCH,COO", (aq) + H2O() = CH,CH,COOH(aq) + OH"(ag), with K-7.4x 10 1o at 25°C. If sodium propionate were dissolved in water to make a 0.80M solution, what would be the resulting concentration of OH"? Type your answer.arrow_forwardThe scale used for measuring the acidity or basicity of a solution is known as the pH scale. Typically you will see values ranging from 0 to 14, however it is possible to produce highly acidic solutions with a lower pH or a highly basic solution with a higher pH. A neutral solution has an equivalent concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions, which has a pH of 7 at 25 °C. A pH less than 7 indicates that a solution is an acid, and a pH greater than / Indicates that a solution is a base. Click on the image below to explore this simulation, which demonstrates the pH scale. The pH of the solution is related to the H₂O¹ ion concentration by the equation pH = -log H₂O¹] When you click the simulation link, you may be asked whether to run, open, or save the file. Choose to run or open it Part D A PHET= In this simulation, allowing you to produce solutions at at 25°C, you should see three modes: Macro, Micro, and Custom. In Macro and Micro, you are provided with a calibrated beaker along…arrow_forward13.2) Acetaminophen, HC8H8NO2 (MM = 151.17 g/mol), is the active ingredient in Tylenol®, a common pain reliever. A solution is made by dissolving 8.68 g of acetaminophen in enough water to make 410.0 mL of solution. The resulting solution has a pH of 5.29. What is Ka for acetaminophen?arrow_forward
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