Chapter 16, Problem 56E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The oxidation state of every elements is to be determined for each given compounds.

Concept introduction:

Electron acceptor tendency of atoms is oxidation state of that atom.

Oxidation state is defined as a charge which an atom of the element has in its ion or appears to have when present in the combined state with other atoms.

Rule for calculation of oxidation state is as follows:

Oxidation state of atom in free element is $0$.

In monoatomic ion oxidation is given to its charge.

The sum of oxidation of all atoms is $0$ in neutral molecule.

In ionic compound oxidation state is equal to the charge on the compound.

Charge of non-metal oxygen is $-2$.

The oxidation of non-metals is calculated with the help of hierarchical table.

The charge on alkali metal, group 1A metal is $+1$ and on alkaline earth metal group IIA metal is $+2$.