Chapter 16, Problem 40PP

 (a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (l)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (m)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (n)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

 (o)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic:  If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.