Human Biology Custom Edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337631532
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 16, Problem 2CT
In the “fertility awareness” method of birth control, a woman gauges her monthly fertile period by monitoring changes in the consistency of her vaginal mucus. What kind of information does such a method provide about the likelihood of getting pregnant?
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Envision yourself as a physician whose patients sometimes ask about birth control. Provide a contraceptive method for each of the following patients, and explain why it would be appropriate: couple A, a man and woman who have intercourse regularly but never want to have children; couple B, a man and woman who have intercourse regularly and want to have children someday; and person C, a single woman who occasionally has intercourse with single men and does not wish to become pregnant. Be sure to include the level of protection against STDs that each person is likely to need.
Conditions that cause the fallopian tubes to be narrower than normal may result in:
Implantation of a fertilized ovum within the tube.
More rapid propulsion of the ovum through the tube.
Increased likelihood of pregnancy during each cycle.
Excessive cramping and bleeding during menstruation .
combination birth control pills contain estrogen and progestin. A typical pill packet contains 3 weeks of active hormones and 1 week of placebo pills. During the week of placebo pills, menstruation occurs.
Use your knowledge of the hormonol control of the female reproductive system to:
1) Explain how the pills alter the feedback pathways of FSH and LH to prevent pregnancy.
2) Explain why menstruation occurs during the placebo week
Chapter 16 Solutions
Human Biology Custom Edition
Ch. 16 - Distinguish between: a. seminiferous tubule and...Ch. 16 - Which hormones influence the development of sperm?Ch. 16 - Which hormones influence the menstrual and ovarian...Ch. 16 - List four events that are triggered by the surge...Ch. 16 - What changes occur in the endometrium during the...Ch. 16 - Label the parts of the female reproductive system...Ch. 16 - Label the parts of the male reproductive system...Ch. 16 - Which oocyte stage is ovulated? What happens to it...Ch. 16 - Besides producing gametes (sperm and eggs), the...Ch. 16 - _____ production is continuous from puberty onward...
Ch. 16 - The secretion of _____ controls the formation of...Ch. 16 - During the menstrual cycle, a midcycle surge of...Ch. 16 - Ovulation releases _________. a. the corpus luteum...Ch. 16 - Which is the correct order for one turn of the...Ch. 16 - In order for sexual intercourse to produce a...Ch. 16 - Fertilization _____. a. unites the nuclei of a...Ch. 16 - Fertility specialists may advise a couple who wish...Ch. 16 - In the fertility awareness method of birth...Ch. 16 - Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) can include mood...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4CTCh. 16 - Prob. 5CT
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- Should fertility clinics be required to disclose all the risks of ART to couples seeking fertility treatments? Are state and/or federal laws the best way to achieve this?arrow_forwardWhich of the following mechanisms best explains the contraceptive effect of birth control pills that contain both synthetic estrogen and progestin? Inhibition of ovulation Impairment of implantation hyperplastic changes of the endometrium Production of uterine secretions that are toxic to developing embryos Impairment of sperm transport due to uterotubal obstruction Direct inhibition of oocyte maturationarrow_forwardAn average-weight woman without insurance coverage had unprotected sex and wants to avoid pregnancy. Describe the mechanism of action, pros, cons, and reliability of three different emergency contraception methods and make a recommendation for her specific situation.arrow_forward
- Some couple practice natural family planning (also known as the rhythm method of birth control), which involves abstaining from sexual intercourse during the time that a woman can become pregnant in her menstrual cycle. The egg only survives in the fallopian tube from 24 hours after ovulation, so conception can only happen during a 24-hour period each month. However, this form of contraceptive is very unreliable and is not recommended for couples who are actively trying to avoid pregnancy. Which of the following is NOT a reason why this form of birth control is unreliable? A. Sperm can survive in the fallopian tubes for 3 to 5 days. B. Ovulation can be affected by stress or illness. C. Women always ovulate on the same day of their menstrual cycle every month. D. It is difficult to predict exactly when in her cycle a woman ovulates.arrow_forwardSome couples practice natural family planning (also known as the rhythm method of birth control), which involves abstaining from sexual intercourse during the time that a woman can become pregnant in her menstrual cycle. The egg only survives in the Fallopian tube for 24 hours after ovulation, so conception can only happen during a 24-hour period each month. However, this form of contraception is very unreliable and is not recommended for couples who are actively trying to avoid pregnancy. Which of the following is NOT a reason why this form of birth control is unreliable? Select one: a. Women always ovulate on the same day of their menstrual cycle every month. b. Ovulation can be affected by stress or illness. c. Sperm can survive in the Fallopian tubes for 3 to 5 days. d. It is difficult to predict exactly when in her cycle a woman ovulates.arrow_forwardThe following are factors that contributes to infertility EXCEPT: professional hazard poor sperm production age exercisearrow_forward
- Jack and Gill are married couples with three children . The couple consulted a family planning clinic . As the nurse manning the clinic you counselled the couple regarding family planning . Jack asks the nurse about vasectomy . He understands that this is a minor operation and asks if he'll become sterile immediately . The nurse's best response is: “No you'll remain fertile ." It may takes several weeks and as many as 30 to 40 ejaculations to remove all the live sperm." You'll be sterile in 2 to 3 days ." If the procedure is done correctly you'll be sterile immediatelyarrow_forwardEngaging in coitus within a few hours of ovulation may enhances the chances of fertilization. Group of answer choices -True -Falsearrow_forwardWhat are five birth control measures that could be employed from the route of the sperm from it's point of production to the point in the female where it fertilises the ovum and at different points?arrow_forward
- Young married couple had been trying to conceive a baby for 2 years without success. The husband has a sperm count in the “fertile” range. The wife menstruates regularly. What biological and hormonal indicators could you use to determine whether the woman was ovulating? Does a normal sperm count ensure male fertility?arrow_forwardA patient presents requesting hormonal contraception . She has been researching her options on the Web and has become confused by the large variety of OC pills available , including monophasic, multiphasic , and progesterone only . She asks how the pill prevents pregnancy and why the variety of preparations . Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which OCs prevent pregnancy ? Increasing cervical mucus viscosity Inhibiting serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels Inducing lymphocytic endometritis Inhibiting serum luteinizing hormone (LH ) levelsarrow_forwardAbout half of pregnancies are unplanned, but women today ( or even their partners) have many safe and reliable choices if they want to prevent pregnancy . Birth control can be a method, a device or even a medicine. As a nurse, the following are questions you may ask your patients to assess their knowledge about contraception: The following statements are correct , EXCEPT : SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. A woman using Billing’s method must check or monitor her vaginal discharge Hormonal contraceptives may be administered; oral, intramuscular, and implantation COC is good for breastfeeding mothers as long as less than six weeks postpartum Symptothermal method is also called as cervical mucus methodarrow_forward
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