Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134078779
Author: Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 2.6P
To determine
Whether the free market and firm decision without the involvement of a government is good or bad.
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Typically this kind of economic activity results in environmental harm through production and consumption externalities. When a country such as Econ Land manages to break the link between economic activity and environmental harm, it is known as ["decoupling", "uncoupling"] .
Whether Econ Land has truly broken this link or not depends on the amount of ["export pollution", "import pollution"] they are responsible for, pollution in other countries resulting from the production of products consumed in the country of Econ Land.
These two situations have arisen:
Agricultural technologies become available that if used reduce adverse effects fromfarming on environmental quality
Water from a uranium mine is leaking into Kakadu NationalPark
For each case you are to identify possible external effects that might occur and explain the conditions that would need to exist, and what the government or the affected parties could do, to change these negative situations for the betterment of one or both parties?
The government uses several tools to implement environmental regulation. For example, mandatory production standards are designed to prevent companies from damaging a public good such as air or water. Emission taxes that create financial incentives for industries to reduce known pollutants, for example, from oil and coal production, are used to reduce negative externalities. The government can also force a company that causes an environmental problem to clean it up, thus solving the free rider problem. Nevertheless, government regulation imposes costs on society: Higher production costs due to regulation may be passed on to households in the form of higher prices, which—if large enough—can harm the economy. Legislation and its enforcement increase the size and cost of government.
What type of analysis does government engage in to protect public goods? Explain using economic terms. What is government goal?
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Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
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