Contemporary Engineering Economics (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134105598
Author: Chan S. Park
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 1P
(a):
To determine
Benefit and cost.
(a):
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
User’s benefits are prevention from the highway corrosion, rust on vehicle, corrosion to utility lines and damages to water supplies and damages to vegetation and soil surrounding areas.
The sponsor’s costs are paying a higher tax and unknown environmental damages that causes due to the usage of CMA.
(b):
To determine
Salt damages.
(b):
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
The damage is calculated by following the given procedure. The state gives exclusive rights to the CMA for a selected area and road salt for another area tor a particular period of time. After that particular time period, It is evaluated the vegetation yield, road salt yield and compared both the result. The difference int eh value is quantified in terms of monetary value.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Suppose that a chemical manufacturing plant is releasing nitrogen oxides into the air, and these emissions are associated with health and ecological damages. Economists have estimated the following marginal costs and benefits for the chemical market, where Q is monthly output in thousands of pounds and P is price per pound. MSB = 50 – 0.4Q; MSC = 2 + 0.4Q; MEB = 0; MEC = 0.2Q. Find the dollar value of a product charge that would achieve an efficient solution.
The Senate committee is working on tax reform for telecommunications services in the USA. After deregulation, the telecom market has become very competitive and the high telecom tax rate (25%) reduces business growth. Estimates indicate that the current monthly demand for telecom services is given by Q^d=300-4P and the market supply is Q^s=3P-120P (both in millions), where P is the monthly price of telecom services. The Commission plans tax reform that would cut a tax rate to 15%, leading to a new supply function Q^s=4P-60. How much will the customer save on average during a month as a result of the proposed legislation? How will tax revenues change?
The US demand curve for transporting freight by truck is
а° - 580B - 60в "Р,
where B denotes billion. Here, P is the price to transport a standard shipping container one
mile, and quantity Q is the number of shipping-container-miles transported in a year.
The marginal cost of transport is $1/mile (i.e., fuel and driver costs). Each truck can drive up to
a maximum of 100,000 miles/year. Assume each truck carries one shipping container. The
annual fixed cost of operating a truck is $200,000. Consequently, the average cost of a truck
that drives q miles a year is ($200,000/q) +$1.
All trucks have the same costs. There are no barriers to setting up a new trucking firm and/or
acquiring additional trucks, and there are large numbers of people capable of running a trucking
firm.
Part (a) Sketch average and marginal costs for a truck, as a function of miles driven.
Part (b)
(i)
(ii)
(ii)
(iv)
(v)
What is the price-per-mile of transporting freight by truck?
How many miles does the combined US…
Chapter 16 Solutions
Contemporary Engineering Economics (6th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- In 1998, California became the first state to adopt rules requiring many sport utility vehicles, pickups, and minivans to meet the same pollution standards as regular cars, effective in 2004. As the deadline drew near, a business group (which may have an incentive to exaggerate) estimated that using the new technology to reduce pollution would increase vehicle prices by as much as $7,000. A spokesperson for the California Air Resources Board, which imposed the mandate, said that the additional materials cost was only about $70 to $270 per vehicle. Suppose that the two major producers are Toyota and Ford, and these firms were price setters with differentiated products. Show the effect of the new regulation. Is it possible that the price for these vehicles would rise by substantially more than the marginal cost would? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardQ1. Suppose the government is considering an increase in the toll on a certain stretch of highway from $3 to $4. At present, 1 million cars per week use that highway stretch; after the toll is imposed, the number of cars per week will change according to its price elasticity of demand of -0.8 (this elasticity value is estimated based on the initial-value method). If the marginal cost of highway use is constant (i.e., the supply curve is horizontal) and equal to $3 per car, what is the net annual cost to society attributable to the increase in the toll? (your answer must be rounded off to the nearest million dollars per year, i.e., no decimal places; there are 52 weeks in a year)arrow_forwardConsider a town in which only two residents, Hubert and Kate, own wells that produce water safe for drinking. Hubert and Kate can pump and sell as much water as they want at no cost. For them, total revenue equals profit. The following table shows the town's demand schedule for water. Price Quantity Demanded Total Revenue (Dollars per gallon) (Gallons of water) (Dollars) 6.00 0 0 5.50 45 $247.50 5.00 90 $450.00 4.50 135 $607.50 4.00 180 $720.00 3.50 225 $787.50 3.00 270 $810.00 2.50 315 $787.50 2.00 360 $720.00 1.50 405 $607.50 1.00 450 $450.00 0.50 495 $247.50 0 540 0 Suppose Hubert and Kate form a cartel and behave as a monopolist. The profit-maximizing price is____per gallon, and the total output is_____gallons. As part of their cartel agreement, Hubert and Kate agree to split production equally. Therefore, Hubert's profit is _____, and Kate's profit is______. Suppose that Hubert and Kate have been successfully…arrow_forward
- Consider a town in which only two residents, Raphael and Susan, own wells that produce water safe for drinking. Raphael and Susan can pump and sell as much water as they want at no cost. For them, total revenue equals profit. The following table shows the town's demand schedule for water. Price Quantity Demanded Total Revenue (Dollars per gallon) (Gallons of water) (Dollars) 3.60 0 0 3.30 35 $115.50 3.00 70 $210.00 2.70 105 $283.50 2.40 140 $336.00 2.10 175 $367.50 1.80 210 $378.00 1.50 245 $367.50 1.20 280 $336.00 0.90 315 $283.50 0.60 350 $210.00 0.30 385 $115.50 0 420 0 Suppose Raphael and Susan form a cartel and behave as a monopolist. The profit-maximizing price is _______ per gallon, and the total output is __________ gallons. As part of their cartel agreement, Raphael and Susan agree to split production equally. Therefore, Raphael's profit is , and Susan's profit is ___________ . Suppose that Raphael and…arrow_forwardConsider a town in which only two residents, Hubert and Kate, own wells that produce water safe for drinking. Hubert and Kate can pump and sell as much water as they want at no cost. For them, total revenue equals profit. The following table shows the town's demand schedule for water. Price Quantity Demanded Total Revenue (Dollars per gallon) (Gallons of water) (Dollars) 3.60 0 0 3.30 35 116 3.00 70 210 2.70 105 284 2.40 140 336 2.10 175 368 1.80 210 378 1.50 245 368 1.20 280 336 0.90 315 284 0.60 350 210 0.30 385 116 0 420 0 Suppose Hubert and Kate form a cartel and behave as a monopolist. The profit-maximizing price is per gallon, and the total output is gallons. As part of their cartel agreement, Hubert and Kate agree to split production equally. Therefore, Hubert's profit is , and Kate's profit is . Suppose that Hubert and Kate have been successfully operating as a cartel. They each charge the monopoly price…arrow_forwardConsider a town in which only two residents, Larry and Megan, own wells that produce water safe for drinking. Larry and Megan can pump and sell as much water as they want at no cost. For them, total revenue equals profit. The following table shows the town's demand schedule for water. Price Quantity Demanded Total Revenue (Dollars per gallon) (Gallons of water) (Dollars) 6.00 0 0 5.50 45 $247.50 5.00 90 $450.00 4.50 135 $607.50 4.00 180 $720.00 3.50 225 $787.50 3.00 270 $810.00 2.50 315 $787.50 2.00 360 $720.00 1.50 405 $607.50 1.00 450 $450.00 0.50 495 $247.50 0 540 0 Suppose Larry and Megan form a cartel and behave as a monopolist. The profit-maximizing price is per gallon, and the total output is gallons. As part of their cartel agreement, Larry and Megan agree to split production equally. Suppose that Larry and Megan have been successfully operating as a cartel. They each charge the monopoly price and sell half of the…arrow_forward
- A AWB Company is interested in obtaining quick estimates of the supply and demand curves for coal. The firm's research department informs you that the elasticity of supply is approximately 1.7, the elasticity of demand is approximately -0.85, and the current price and quantity are $41 and 1,206, respectively. Price is measured in dollars per ton, quantity the number of tons per week. Estimate linear supply and demand curves at the current price and quantity. Illustrate both curves on a diagram. What impact would a 10% increase in demand have on the equilibrium price and quantity? Illustrate this impact on similar diagram in part (i) If the government refused to the price increase when demand increased in (ii) above,how much shortage is created?. Mark the shortage on the diagram in part (ii)arrow_forwardIn 2008 a car manufacturer sold 10,000 units of its leading model at N10,000. After deducting operating costs, dealers’ costs and all other variable cost this produced a surplus of N4,000 on each unit sold. Due to the recession, sales slump in early 2009 and the marketing director advises a price cut of N2000, arguing that this makes sense because the Own Price Elasticity of demand is –1.5. Calculate the amount of surplus that would be generated by the manufacturer in 2009 if the marketing director is correct and her recommendation is accepted.arrow_forwardThe Talbot Company uses electrical assemblies to produce an array of small appliances. One of its high cost / high volume assemblies, the XO-01, has an estimated annual demand of 8,000 units. Talbot estimates the cost to place an order is $50, and the holding cost for each assembly is $20 per year. The company operates 250 days per year.arrow_forward
- The freezing cold spell at the beginning of 2010 not only increased demand for road salt, (see the additional case study for chapter 6) but it increased demand for gas in the UK. Usage reached 454 cubic metres; the previous record was 449m set in January 2003. The National Grid which is responsible for energy in the UK issued several warnings in a matter of days that demand could outstrip supply and asked supplier so increase the supply. The National Grid also told major gas users, such as power plants, to reduce demand. Big generators, such as E.On, have both gas-fired and coal-fired power stations and are able to choose between the two. In total, 27 large gas users were asked to switch - 12 in the East Midlands and 15 in the North West. Questions Discuss the effect of the cold spell on the demand for gas using a demand curve diagram. Discuss the effect of the National Grid instructing major gas users to reduce their demand.arrow_forwardA company is considering building a bridge across a river. The bridge would cost $2 million to build and nothing to maintain. The following table shows the company’s anticipated demand over the lifetime of the bridge: If the government were to build the bridge, what price should it charge?arrow_forwardConsider a town in which only two residents, Jacques and Kyoko, own wells that produce water safe for drinking. Jacques and Kyoko can pump and sell as much water as they want at no cost. For them, total revenue equals profit. The following table shows the town's demand schedule for water. Price Quantity Demanded Total Revenue (Dollars per gallon) (Gallons of water) (Dollars) 6.00 0 0 5.50 45 $247.50 5.00 90 $450.00 4.50 135 $607.50 4.00 180 $720.00 3.50 225 $787.50 3.00 270 $810.00 2.50 315 $787.50 2.00 360 $720.00 1.50 405 $607.50 1.00 450 $450.00 0.50 495 $247.50 0 540 0 Suppose Jacques and Kyoko form a cartel and behave as a monopolist. The profit-maximizing price is per gallon, and the total output is gallons. As part of their cartel agreement, Jacques and Kyoko agree to split production equally. Therefore, Jacques's profit is , and Kyoko's profit is . Suppose that Jacques and Kyoko have been successfully…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Microeconomics: Principles & PolicyEconomicsISBN:9781337794992Author:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder, John L. SolowPublisher:Cengage Learning
Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337617383Author:Roger A. ArnoldPublisher:Cengage Learning
Microeconomics: Principles & Policy
Economics
ISBN:9781337794992
Author:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder, John L. Solow
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781337617383
Author:Roger A. Arnold
Publisher:Cengage Learning