
(a)
Interpretation:
The type of polymerization in the given reaction is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Polymers are the large molecules which are made up of many small repeating units bonded together in linear, branched or cross-linked manner.
They are of two types: natural and synthetic. Natural polymers are those which occur naturally, and synthetic polymers are those which are synthesized or man-made.
A process by which the monomer units chemically react together to form chains or three-dimensional structures is known as polymerization.
In condensation polymerization, when monomers react to produce the polymer a by-product is formed which is a small molecule like
In addition-polymerization no by-product is formed during the chain formation and the reaction propagates due to the presence of the catalyst.

Answer to Problem 16.6P
The given reaction is a type of condensation polymerization.
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
The reaction to produce Kevlar
The reaction for the formation of Kevlar is:
In this reaction,
(b)
Interpretation:
The required weight of terephthaloyl chloride is to be calculated which is completely combined with
Concept Introduction:
Stoichiometry is the calculation of the reactants and the products involved in aa chemical reaction. It is based on the law of mass conservation. According to the stoichiometry, total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
Number of moles
Here,

Answer to Problem 16.6P
The amount of terephthaloyl chloride required to completely react with
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
The reaction for the production of Kevlar
The reaction is
The basis of the calculations is taken as
Molecular formula of paraphenylene diamine is
Now, using equation (1), calculate the moles present in
Molecular formula of terephthaloyl chloride is
As it is given that the reaction has
According to the stoichiometry of the given reaction,
Use equation (1) to calculate the mass of terephthaloyl chloride as:
Therefore,
(c)
Interpretation:
The amount of Kevlar produced is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
The reaction for the production of Kevlar
The reaction is

Answer to Problem 16.6P
The amount of Kevlar produced is
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
The reaction for the production of Kevlar
The reaction is
Molecular formula of Kevlar is
As it is given that the reaction has
According to the stoichiometry of the given reaction,
Use equation (1) to calculate the mass of Kevlar as:
Therefore,
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Essentials of Materials Science and Engineering, SI Edition
- A traffic signal has a 60-second cycle length (Red time + Green time). For the travel direction of interest, the red and green times are 30 seconds each, the arrival rate is constant at 20 [veh/min] and the saturation flow (i.e., the departure rate) is 1 [veh/sec]. a. Calculate the average delay (for all vehicles) for the travel direction of interest. b. Assume a work zone on the street downstream of the intersection so that only 25 [veh/min] (in the direction of interest) can pass. Calculate the average delay caused by the work zone to a vehicle leaving the intersection. Assume that the queue at the work zone never backs- up into the intersection. c. Discuss qualitatively the implications of queue spillback from the work zone on the delay of the system. Traffic Direction (a) Traffic Direction (b)arrow_forwardB C 3.0 E F G 40 kN [m] 3.0 3.0 3.0 Fackverket belastas med en punktlast i G enligt figuren. Bestäm normalkraften i stängerna BC, BF och EF.arrow_forwardL q=8 kN/m P= 12 kN En stång belastas av en punklast P vid sin ena ände samt av en jämnt utbredd last q längs hela sin längd. Stången har en tvärsnittsarea A = 150 mm² och är tillverkad av stål med elasticitetsmodul E-210 GPa. Stångens längd, i sitt obelastade tillstånd, är Z-3 m. a) Hur stor är den största normalspänning som uppstår i stången? b) Hur stor blir förlängningen av stången, orsakad av lasterna P och q?arrow_forward
- Calculate the active earth pressure (exerted by the supported soil mass on the right) against the 10-meter-long, dense and smooth sheet pile wall shown in Figure E2:1. The ground surface is loaded with heavy construction machinery applying a pressure of q = 10.0 kPa. Other data is according to the figure.Assume the sheet pile moves sufficiently to the left to reach active failure conditions behind it, and passive failure conditions develop in the soil mass below the excavation bottom. Draw diagrams for active and passive earth pressure as well as the resultant earth pressure. Questions to Answer: Will the sheet pile wall hold without rain? (Calculate the forces.) Will the sheet pile wall hold if it rains? (Assume water-filled cracks.) If the sheet pile does not hold in any of the above cases – how deep would it need to be embedded in order to hold?arrow_forwardQ.2- Design a flexible pavement by AASHTO method and draw typical cross section of the flexible Pavement for rural highway has following data: - Elastic modulus of Asphalt is 450000 Ib/in², Mr. of base-31000 psi, Mr. of subbase=13500 psi, CBR of base-100 CBR of subbase=22 subbase of subgrade =6 water removed with one week Percentage of time pavement structure is exposed to moisture levels-30% reliability=95% Standard deviation=0.45 initial serviceability=4.2 terminal serviceability=2.5 and ESAL=2*106 subgrade =1500 CBR Mr كلية . المنصور الجامعةarrow_forwardTask 2: dd Extraction A JPEG file has been split into three parts (of random size) and the parts have been placed into a larger file called segments. img (not necessarily in their original order). Download your personalized assignment files, segments.img, README.txt, and partitions.txt into your Kali Linux VM. Use wget as before. For example, you'd use "wget https://facsrv.cs.depaul.edu/zhuang28/courses/csec450/hw3/1111111/segments.img" (replace 1111111 with your 7-digit DePaul ID) to download your segments.img. For example, if the JPEG file has length 100000 bytes, it might be split into three parts as follows (all numbers are in decimal): PART LENGTH (bytes) START OFFSET IN JPEG FILE (bytes) END OFFSET IN JPEG FILE (bytes) part 1 32256 63*512 part 2 20480 = 40*512 part 3 = 47264 92*512 + 160 32256 32256+20480 = 52736 32255 52735 99999 Then the file segments. img might have length 131072 bytes and be composed as follows: PART LENGTH (bytes) START OFFSET IN segments.img (bytes) END…arrow_forward
- How can you help me to make a good poemarrow_forwardvar cif("custom")(b.detail;17{}|||||G WAY y))"clickmod";else{var lab.which||b.keyCode; ca ype")|le.tagName).toUpperCase() in Hi"BUTTON".tagane.topper Key (e.getAttribute("type")|le.tagName).toUpperCase() in t if(n)11;elsef (e.getAttribute("role")|le.typelle.tagl "clickkey")Jeb.srcElement||b.target; la0f,b,e,,null);s.am .jsaction;if(tt){var y;t=null;"getAttribute" in 66(getitta R-11-0, ka RPP(w.substrie.netson if(){var Dew M.click?(rq.g 1.timestamp);if(r.s asel) OBJECT-ORIENTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 32(b.which||b.keyCode)&&"CHECKB oUpperCase()in fa)||"A"="SELECT" eventDef 7b.preventDefault():b.return eleave")||e&&(ek) Jaa(k,e type"mouseover"sb.type?"mouseenter .event.allysgo66(v0(k.eventType,k.even ent){if(a.h){if(lk.actionElement ||"A"!=ka 11),(b.h(k))66g)(p.call(this,b,!1);return)}else{if(p. 1.push())if("touchend"ak.event.type&&k.event. mousetvents Prem tsd,action:b,actionElement:g, tineStamp:p||h())), lam(), nawfunctionta.c f.addEventListener){if("focus"b||"blur"b||"error"|"load…arrow_forward2. A single-effect evaporator is concentrating a feed solution of organic colloids from 5 to 50 wt %. The solution has a negligible boiling point elevation. The heat capacity of the feed is cp . 4.06 kJ/kg K and the feed enters at 15.6 °C. Saturated steam at 101.32 kPa is available for heating, and the pressure in the vapor space of the evaporator is 15.3 kPa. A total of 4536 kg/h of water is to be evaporated. The overall heat-transfer coefficient is 1988 W/m². K. What is the required surface area in m² and the steam consumption?arrow_forward
- Assume that in earthquake-resistant design, the following relations take place: Y=ce, where Y is the ground motion intensity at the building site, X is the magnitude of an earthquake, and the constant c is related to the distance between the site and center of the earthquake. Assuming that X is exponentially distributed, fx (x)=ex with x 20 and >2, (a) Derive the PDF and CDF of Y, including the bounds, and sketch them. (b) Determine the median (i.e., 50%-fractile) and 90%-fractile (value of Y that has a probability of not being exceeded of 90%) of Y. (c) Determine the mean and variance of Y by using the PDF of Y derived under (a). (d) Determine the mean and variance of Y directly from the PDF of X.arrow_forwardTask 2: Download Download your personalized assignment files, answers2.json and floppy.img, into your Kali Linux Vm. Use wget as before. For example, you'd use "wget https://facsrv.cs.depaul.edu/zhuang28/courses/csec450/hw2/1111111/answers2.json" (replace 1111111 with your 7-digit DePaul ID) to download your answers2.json. Task 3: Creating a Sample Hard Drive Image book.img Add a new (virtual) hard drive of capacity 2GiB to your Kali Linux VM. Create a FAT filesystem on the hard drive using mkfs. fat. Be careful to use your new 2GiB drive! It would be a good idea to use 1sblk to verify the block device name before proceeding. Mount the new hard drive at a mount point of your choice. Find a book from Project Gutenberg by an author whose last name begins with the same letter as your last name (look under "Browsing Options" and then "Authors" A-Z). Download the plain text UTF-8 and ensure it is saved into your mounted drive (it should be saved within the mount point directory). For…arrow_forwardA mixture with 4% n-pentane, 40% n-hexane, 50% n-heptane, and 6% n-octane is to be distilled at 14.7 lb/in² (1 atm.) with 98% of the hexane and 1% of the heptane recovered in the distillate. If the liquid feed is a saturated liquid (i.e., q = 1). Calculate i.) The product compositions, ii.) The top and bottom temperature iii.) Minimum reflux ratio (Rm), iv.) Minimum theoretical plates and v.) Actual plates when the reflux ratio is 2Rm. Table 1: Component boiling point and molar mass Component Boiling point n-C5 97°F n-C6 156.2°F n-C7 209.1°F n-C8 258.1°F Molar mass 72.2 86.2 100.2 114.2 Hint: Since 1% of heptane is specified to be recovered in the distillate, 99% of heptane is to be recovered in the bottom.arrow_forward
- MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsEngineeringISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons IncEssentials Of Materials Science And EngineeringEngineeringISBN:9781337385497Author:WRIGHT, Wendelin J.Publisher:Cengage,Industrial Motor ControlEngineeringISBN:9781133691808Author:Stephen HermanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Basics Of Engineering EconomyEngineeringISBN:9780073376356Author:Leland Blank, Anthony TarquinPublisher:MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATIONStructural Steel Design (6th Edition)EngineeringISBN:9780134589657Author:Jack C. McCormac, Stephen F. CsernakPublisher:PEARSONFundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering...EngineeringISBN:9781119175483Author:William D. Callister Jr., David G. RethwischPublisher:WILEY





