Chapter 16, Problem 16.64P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The two isomeric dienes formed by the reaction of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}={\text{CHCH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CH}\left(\text{Cl}\right)\text{CH}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$ with an alkoxide base is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The substitution reaction involves the replacement of one functional group by other functional group. In nucleophilic substitution an electron rich species attack the species that is deficient in electrons. The electrophile and the leaving group together form a substrate. The nucleophile attacks over the substrate and there occurs removal of leaving group from the substrate.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The reason as to why the major product formed in this reaction does not contain the more highly substituted alkene is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Diene is a hydrocarbon that contains two $\text{C}=\text{C}$ double bonds in a compound.

Conjugated diene consists of two double bonds that are separated by a single bond, whereas isolated diene also consists of two double bond but they are separated by two more carbon atoms.