Chapter 16, Problem 16.49QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Malonic acid is a diprotic acid has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

A monoprotic acid is an acid that can donate only one proton is called as monoprotic acid.

A diprotic acid is an acid that can donate two proton is called as diprotic acid.

Acid ionization constant ${\text{K}}_{\text{a}}$:

Acids ionize in water. Strong acids ionize completely whereas weak acids ionize to some limited extent.

The degree to which a weak acid ionizes depends on the concentration of the acid and the equilibrium constant for the ionization.

The ionization of a weak acid $\text{HA}$ can be given as follows,

${\text{HA}}_{(aq)}\to {\text{H}}^{+}{}_{(aq)}+{\text{A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{(aq)}$

The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.

$K_a=\frac{[{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}{\text{][A}}^{\text{-}}\text{]}}{[\text{HA]}}$

Where,

$K_a$ is acid ionization constant,

$[{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$  is concentration of hydrogen ion

$[{\text{A}}^{\text{-}}\text{]}$  is concentration of acid anion

$[\text{HA]}$ is concentration of the acid