The reason as to why the bond dissociation energy for the C − C bond in ethane is much higher than the bond dissociation energy for the labeled C − C bond in but − 1 − ene is to be explained. Concept introduction: In organic chemistry , the formation of carbocation or carbanion or radical occurs due to the heterolysis or homolysis process Heterolysis is the process in which unequal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond, whereas homolysis is the process in which equal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond.

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Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.36P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason as to why the bond dissociation energy for the C−C bond in ethane is much higher than the bond dissociation energy for the labeled C−C bond in but−1−ene is to be explained.

Concept introduction: In organic chemistry, the formation of carbocation or carbanion or radical occurs due to the heterolysis or homolysis process Heterolysis is the process in which unequal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond, whereas homolysis is the process in which equal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond.

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A solution contains 0.097 M Ce3+, 1.55x10-3 M Ce4+, 1.55x10-3 M Mn2+, 0.097 M MnO4-, and 1.00 M HClO4 (F= 9.649 x 104 C/mol). a) Write a balanced net reaction that can occur between species in this solution. b) Calculate deltaG0 and K for the reaction. c) Calculate E and deltaG for the conditions given. Ce4+ + e- = Ce3+ E0= 1.70 V MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- = Mn2+ + 4H2O E0= 1.507 V

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Answer 2

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Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.36P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason as to why the bond dissociation energy for the C−C bond in ethane is much higher than the bond dissociation energy for the labeled C−C bond in but−1−ene is to be explained.

Concept introduction: In organic chemistry, the formation of carbocation or carbanion or radical occurs due to the heterolysis or homolysis process Heterolysis is the process in which unequal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond, whereas homolysis is the process in which equal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond.

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Answer 3

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.36P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason as to why the bond dissociation energy for the C−C bond in ethane is much higher than the bond dissociation energy for the labeled C−C bond in but−1−ene is to be explained.

Concept introduction: In organic chemistry, the formation of carbocation or carbanion or radical occurs due to the heterolysis or homolysis process Heterolysis is the process in which unequal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond, whereas homolysis is the process in which equal sharing of electrons results in the breaking of the bond.

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Answer 4

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.36P

Interpretation Introduction