From the given equilibrium equations and K a value for the given three reaction systems, The conjugate pair that would be best for preparing a buffer with a pH of 6.96 has to be given. Concept Introduction: Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: The pH can be calculated using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as follows, pH = pK a + log [ conjugate base] [ weak acid] pH = pK a + log [ A - ] [ HA] Buffer: A buffer is solution containing a mixture of two substances. A buffer solution is characterized by the tendency to resist changes in pH when some limited of amount of acid or base are added to it. A buffer should possess either a weak acid and its conjugate anion that is a conjugate base (weak) or a weak base and its conjugate cation that is a conjugate acid (weak).
From the given equilibrium equations and K a value for the given three reaction systems, The conjugate pair that would be best for preparing a buffer with a pH of 6.96 has to be given. Concept Introduction: Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: The pH can be calculated using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as follows, pH = pK a + log [ conjugate base] [ weak acid] pH = pK a + log [ A - ] [ HA] Buffer: A buffer is solution containing a mixture of two substances. A buffer solution is characterized by the tendency to resist changes in pH when some limited of amount of acid or base are added to it. A buffer should possess either a weak acid and its conjugate anion that is a conjugate base (weak) or a weak base and its conjugate cation that is a conjugate acid (weak).
Solution Summary: The author explains the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the conjugate pair that would be best for preparing a buffer with pH of 6.96.
Author: Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
A buffer is solution containing a mixture of two substances. A buffer solution is characterized by the tendency to resist changes in pH when some limited of amount of acid or base are added to it.
A buffer should possess either a weak acid and its conjugate anion that is a conjugate base (weak) or a weak base and its conjugate cation that is a conjugate acid (weak).
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
From the given equilibrium equations and Ka value for the given three reaction systems,
The preparation of 100 mL of a buffer with a pH of 6.96 by assuming to have a 0.10 M solutions of each pair has to be explained
Concept Introduction:
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
The pH can be calculated using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as follows,
A buffer is solution containing a mixture of two substances. A buffer solution is characterized by the tendency to resist changes in pH when some limited of amount of acid or base are added to it.
A buffer should possess either a weak acid and its conjugate anion that is a conjugate base (weak) or a weak base and its conjugate cation that is a conjugate acid (weak).
(a
4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded
actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters,
al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the
same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter.
A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with
the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation.
B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your
prediction using the van Deemter terms.
C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33?
Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of
this figure.
Figure 4 SEM images of
sections of packed columns
for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d.
capillary columns.³
fcrip
= ↓ bandwidth Il temp
32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual
components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening?
Increase temperature
Longer column
Using a gas mobile phase
instead of liquid
Smaller particle stationary phase
Multiple Paths
Diffusion
Mass Transfer
34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.).
A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth.
B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or
decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer.
Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was
obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles.
35
20
H(um)
큰 20
15
90
0+
1500
100
75
550
01
02
594
05
μ(cm/sec)
30
15
10
Chapter 16 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
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