Modern Physics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781111794378
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 12P
(a)
To determine
The magnitude of the temperature of the universe when protons condensed out.
(b)
To determine
The magnitude of the temperature of the universe when electrons condensed out
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
What was the approximate number density of CMB photons when the CMB had a higher temperature of 507 K? (Hint: You can assume that photons in a thermal distribution have a mean energy of 3kT).
Assume that the protons in a hot ball of protons each have a kinetic energy equal to kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the absolute temperature. If T = 1 * 10^7 K, what (approximately) is the least separation any two protons can have?
11. (a) Calculate minimal energy of a proton beam in a fixed target pp experiment needed to produce a Z
boson (Assume mz = 91 GeV)? (b) What would be the corresponding energies of initial protons in a
(symmetric) pp collider?
%3D
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The K0 meson is an uncharged member of the particle “zoo” that decays into two charged pions according to K0 → π+ + π−. The pions have opposite charges, as indicated, and the same mass, mπ = 140 MeV/c2. Suppose that a K0 at rest decays into two pions in a bubble chamber in which a magnetic field of 2.0 T is present (see Fig. P2.22). If the radius of curvature of the pions is 34.4 cm, find (a) the momenta and speeds of the pions and (b) the mass of the K0 meson.arrow_forwardBased on quark composition of a proton, show that its charge is +1.arrow_forwardA proton and an antiproton collide headon, with each having a kinetic energy of 7.00 TeV (such as in the LHC at CERN). How much collision energy is available, taking into account the annihilation of the two masses? (Note that this is not significantly greater than the extremely relativistic kinetic energy.)arrow_forward
- The primary decay mode for the negative pion is +v . (a) What is the energy release in MeV in this decay? (b) Using conservation of momentum, how much energy does each of the decay products receive, given the is at rest when it decays? You may assume the muon antineutrino is massless and has momentum p = E/c , just like a photon.arrow_forward(a) Do all particles having strangeness also have at least one strange quark in them? (b) Do all hadrons with a strange quark also have nonzero strangeness?arrow_forwardyou have given quarks (1up and 1down) on small hollow charged sphere of radius R and electrostatic energy E, what will happen to electrostatic energy E when: (a) radius becomes two times greater (b) radius remain same, increase quarks two times (c) increase charge particles 2 timesarrow_forward
- 3. (a) Verify that the minimum energy a photon must have to create an electron-positron pair in the presence of a stationary nucleus of mass M is 2mc2(1 + m/M), where m is the electron rest mass. (b) Find the minimum energy needed for pair production in the presence of a proton.arrow_forwardEdwin Hubble observed that the light from very distant galaxies was redshifted and that the farther away a galaxy was, the greater its redshift. What does this say about very distant galaxies? When Hubble first estimated the Hubble constant, galaxy distances were still very uncertain, and he got a value for H of about 600 km/s per Mpc. What would this have implied about the age of the universe? What problems would this have presented for cosmologists?arrow_forwardTwelve electron antineutrinos from Supernova 1987A were detected by the Kamiokande neutrino detector in Japan. This experiment consisted of a tank filled with 3 kton of water, and surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. The photomultipliers detect the Cerenkov radiation emitted by a recoiling positron that is emitted after a proton absorbs an antineutrino from the supernova. Estimate how many people on Earth could have perceived a flash of light, due to the Cerenkov radiation produced by the same process, when an antineutrino from the supernova traveled through their eyeball. Assume that eyeballs are composed primarily of water, each weighs about 10 g, and that the Earth’s population was 5 billion in 1987.arrow_forward
- What is the energy of each photon produced by positron– electron annihilation? (a) 1/2 mev2 , where v is the speed of the emitted positron; (b) mev2 ; (c) 1/2 mec2 ; (d) mec2 .arrow_forwardThe range of the nuclear strong force is believed to be about 1.2 x 10-15 m. An early theory of nuclear physics proposed that the particle that “mediates” the strong force (similar to the photon mediating the electromagnetic force) is the pion. Assume that the pion moves at the speed of light in the nucleus, and calculate the time ∆t it takes to travel between nucleons. Assume that the distance between nucleons is also about 1.2 x 10-15 m. Use this time ∆t to calculate the energy ∆E for which energy conservation is violated during the time ∆t. This ∆E has been used to estimate the mass of the pion. What value do you determine for the mass? Compare this value with the measured value of 135 MeV/c2 for the neutral pion.arrow_forwardYou work for a start-up company that is planning to use antiproton annihilation to produce radioactive isotopes for medical applications. One way to produce antiprotons is by the reaction p + p S p + p + p + p bar in proton-proton collisions. (a) You first consider a colliding-beam experiment in which the two proton beams have equal kinetic energies. To produce an antiproton via this reaction, what is the required minimum kinetic energy of the protons in each beam? (b) You then consider the collision of a proton beam with a stationary proton target. For this experiment, what is the required minimum kinetic energy of the protons in the beam?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax CollegeUniversity Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning