Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 16, Problem 10SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Geological time scale is the total life span on the Earth from its origin. It is also called as the calendar of the earth, as it explains the relationships and timing of events that have taken place during the Earth's history. It can relate the rock layers with the time interval. The events are mainly classified into eons, eras, periods and epoch. The eras are mainly divided into 4- Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, and Archean.
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Which of the following is characteristic of the end of the Paleozoic Era?
a
There was a mass extinction that eliminated 70% of marine life.
b
All of Earth's landmasses are joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea.
c
Mountains began to form.
d
The supercontinent Pangaea separated into present-day continents.
The theory of plate tectonics explains how Earth's continents move. According to this theory, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. Earth's crust is composed of relatively thin, light plates that float atop the dense, viscous upper layer of the mantle.
B. Ocean basins can grow along divergent boundaries, where the ocean floor splits and spreads apart.
C. Continental plates have relatively stable shapes because they are heavier than oceanic plates and tend to sink below oceanic plates where the two types meet.
D. Many of Earth's mountains resulted from the collision of two continental plates along a convergent boundary.
Plate tectonics can contribute to
a. volcanoes and earthquakes.
b. formation of supercontinents.
c. increased weathering and CO2 sequestration.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 16 - Discovery of Iridium in the KPg Boundary Layer In...Ch. 16 - Discovery of Iridium in the KPg Boundary Layer In...Ch. 16 - The number of species on an island depends on the...Ch. 16 - Evolution ________. a. is change in a line of...Ch. 16 - The process in which environmental pressures...Ch. 16 - The dinosaurs died out ______ million years ago.Ch. 16 - The bones of a birds wing are similar to the bones...Ch. 16 - A trait is adaptive if it ______. a. arises by...Ch. 16 - Darwin and Wallace proposed the hypothesis that...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8SQ
Ch. 16 - Which of the following is not a fossil? a....Ch. 16 - Prob. 10SQCh. 16 - If the half-life of a radioisotope is 20,000...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12SQCh. 16 - On the geologic time scale, life originated in the...Ch. 16 - Forces that cause geologic change include _____...Ch. 16 - Match the terms with the most suitable...Ch. 16 - Natural selection makes an adaptive trait more...Ch. 16 - Radiometric dating does not measure the age of an...Ch. 16 - If you think of geologic time spans as minutes,...
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- The most severe mass extinction event, linked to the formation of Pangaea and massive volcanic eruptions, occurred at the end of the _______ period. Group of answer choices a Devonian b Triassic c Cretaceous d Ordovician e Permian People value biodiversity for all of the following reasons except a food, fiber, and medicine. b the acceptance that extinctions are part of a natural process. c opportunities to study and understand the world they live in. d aesthetic pleasure from interacting with other organisms. e functioning of ecosystems and the benefits they provide.arrow_forwardOn the geologic time scale, life originated in the_____ . a. Archean c. Phanerozoic b. Proterozoic d. Cambrianarrow_forwardThe earth is about 4.6 billion years old. Based on the formation of seafloor spreading, why do you think that the oldest ocean floor is only about 200 million years old?arrow_forward
- DQuestion 1 Cuvier was known for introducing the world view of Catastrophism. Explain this world view. Ois the idea that land forms were created by the same processes that occur today-mountain building processes, erosion, and deposition. These slow processes occur continually, and over long periods of time, their effects build mountain ranges and carve out canyons. No catastrophes are needed to explain the Earth's landforms - no special violent actions, just the constant action of the normal, slow processes of erosion and untain-building. O This is the idea that the world was shaped by tremendous, violent catastrophic events unlike anything humans have ever experienced. Landforms - such as mountains and canyons - were formed by catastrophes - and the biological world also reflects the influence of catastrophic events. Whole communities of ancient animals went extinct because of violent catastrophes, and then they were replaced by entirely new communities.arrow_forwardPls help me to answer this question Image given*arrow_forwardGeologic changes often accompany mass extinction of life forms. Why do you think this is true?arrow_forward
- The Neotropical biogeographic region of the world corresponds to _____. Group of answer choices: A. South America only B. All geographic areas of the world that are located on the equator C. Both central and South America D. All portions of continents across the world that fall between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn E. North America D. The North and South polesarrow_forwardWhich of the following do not provide evidence that a meteor strike was a partial cause of the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction? a. A potential meteor crater off the coast of Mexico b. High layers of iridium in soil deposits in the geologic record at that time c. Shocked quartz was formed in large quantities at that time around the potential impact site d. An ozone hole appeared in the atmosphere at the time of the meteor strikearrow_forwardThis tropical area that existed 37-29mya provided was home to many various species, including several primate species, including Parapithecus. a.Rukwa Rift Basin b.Hubei Province c. Fayumarrow_forward
- The fossil record shows that in just the last 600 million years, there have been five instances of sharp decreases in the diversity and abundance of living organisms. what are these events? a. droughts b. mass extinctions c. reversals of the earth's magnetic field d. great migrationarrow_forwardForces that cause geological change do not include _______. a. erosion d. tectonic plate movement b. natural selection e. wind c. volcanic activity f. meteorite impactsarrow_forwardPart 1. Stratigraphic Dating: A Café Scene Relative dating methods establish the date of something as older or younger than something else rather than anchoring its age to an absolute, scaled timeline, as in absolute dating. So, we determine the sequence of at least two things (two events, two deposits, etc.) and establish what happened first, what happened next, and so on. In archaeology, relative dating relies on stratigraphy—what material is located above or below something else. The Law of Superposition tells us that material positioned underneath something else is usually older and material overlying a deposit is younger than the deposit, unless the layers have been disturbed. The photos that you will be shown depict a collection of items on a table: a cup, saucer, newspaper, and tickets. Imagine that these items are part of a single context such as a layer in an excavation and you want to determine whether they were deposited all at once as a single event or one after the other…arrow_forward
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