a) p-bromochlorobenzene Interpretation: The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given. Concept introduction: Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically. To draw: The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Question

Consider the following two acid-base reactions: OH OHI Based on what you know about the compounds and their acidity, which direction would you expect both of these reactions to proceed? Show your reasoning. A pKa table has been provided in case you need it. Functional group Example pka CHA -50 Alkane -35 Amine : NH3 Alkyne RH 25 Water HO-H 169 16 10 Protonated amines NH 10 5 Carboxylic acids OH Hydrochloric acid HCI A chemist intends to run the following reaction on the three substrates shown below: H₂O R-CI product room temp. Cl Cl (1) (2) (3) They find one will react quickly, one slowly, and one will not react at all. Which is which, and why? HINT: What is the reaction they're trying to do? Does that mechanism tell you anything about why something would be favored?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

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Consider the following two acid-base reactions: OH OHI Based on what you know about the compounds and their acidity, which direction would you expect both of these reactions to proceed? Show your reasoning. A pKa table has been provided in case you need it. Functional group Example pka CHA -50 Alkane -35 Amine : NH3 Alkyne RH 25 Water HO-H 169 16 10 Protonated amines NH 10 5 Carboxylic acids OH Hydrochloric acid HCI A chemist intends to run the following reaction on the three substrates shown below: H₂O R-CI product room temp. Cl Cl (1) (2) (3) They find one will react quickly, one slowly, and one will not react at all. Which is which, and why? HINT: What is the reaction they're trying to do? Does that mechanism tell you anything about why something would be favored?

NH3 decomposes through an equilibrium reaction between NH3, H2, and N2. Only one of the options is correct:(A). The mechanism of the NH3 decomposition reaction must necessarily involve the collision of two NH3 molecules to induce a rearrangement of the atoms in this molecule.(B). The molecular weight of the NH3 decomposition reaction is 2 since two NH3 molecules must collide.(C). The rate of the NH3 decomposition reaction must be greater than that of NH3 synthesis, since the former requires two molecules to collide and the latter, four.(D). The NH3 decomposition reaction cannot occur in a single step.

Given the equilibrium A2 + B2 ⇌ 2 AB where k1 is the rate coefficient of the forward reaction and k-1 is the rate coefficient of the reverse reaction, with the forward reaction being first-order in A2 and B2, and the reverse reaction being second-order in AB. Equilibrium will be reached later if the relative values of the constants are:(A) k1 high and k-1 high(B) k1 high and k-1 low(C) k1 low and k-1 high(D) k1 low and k-1 low

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

Answer 6

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Answer 7

Chapter 15.1, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-bromochlorobenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Disubstituted benzenes are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted benzene has its two substituent groups in a 1,4-relationship on the ring. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromochlorobenzene.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromotoluene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name p-bromotoluene.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c) m-chloroaniline

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Compounds with an amino group attached to a benzene ring are named as a derivative of aniline. Substituted anilines are named using the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m) and para (p). An ortho-substituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,2-relationship on the ring. A meta-disubstituted aniline has an another substituent in a 1,3-relationship on the ring. A para-disubstituted aniline has another substituent in a 1,4-relationship on the ring.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name m-chloroaniline.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d) 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene

Interpretation:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Benzene with more than two substituent groups are named choosing a point of attachment ac carbon 1 and numbering the substituent groups on the ring so that the second substituent has as low number as possible. If ambiguity still exists, numbering is done such that the third and fourth substituent groups have a number as low as possible, until a point of difference is obtained. While writing the name the substituent groups are arranged alphabetically.

To draw:

The structure of the compound with IUPAC name 1-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzene.

Answer 14

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Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 15.1 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 3P Ch. 15.2 - Pyridine is a flat, hexagonal molecule with bond...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 15.4 - Draw the five resonance structures of the...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 10P

Chapter 15 Solutions