To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation. Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant ( ρ )is the slope of logarithm of rate constant ( logk ) versusHammett substitution constant ( σ ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as: The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Question

Using the conditions of spontaneity to deduce the signs of AH and AS Use the observations about each chemical reaction in the table below to decide the sign (positive or negative) of the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy AS. Note: if you have not been given enough information to decide a sign, select the "unknown" option. reaction observations conclusions A This reaction is always spontaneous, but proceeds slower at temperatures above 120. °C. ΔΗ is (pick one) AS is (pick one) ΔΗ is (pick one) B This reaction is spontaneous except above 117. °C. AS is (pick one) ΔΗ is (pick one) This reaction is slower below 20. °C than C above. AS is |(pick one) ? 18 Ar 1

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Using the conditions of spontaneity to deduce the signs of AH and AS Use the observations about each chemical reaction in the table below to decide the sign (positive or negative) of the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy AS. Note: if you have not been given enough information to decide a sign, select the "unknown" option. reaction observations conclusions A This reaction is always spontaneous, but proceeds slower at temperatures above 120. °C. ΔΗ is (pick one) AS is (pick one) ΔΗ is (pick one) B This reaction is spontaneous except above 117. °C. AS is (pick one) ΔΗ is (pick one) This reaction is slower below 20. °C than C above. AS is |(pick one) ? 18 Ar 1

Calculating the pH at equivalence of a titration Try Again Your answer is incorrect. 0/5 a A chemist titrates 70.0 mL of a 0.7089 M hydrocyanic acid (HCN) solution with 0.4574M KOH solution at 25 °C. Calculate the pH at equivalence. The pK of hydrocyanic acid is 9.21. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Note for advanced students: you may assume the total volume of the solution equals the initial volume plus the volume of KOH solution added. pH = 11.43] G 00. 18 Ar B•

Biological Macromolecules Naming and drawing the products of aldose oxidation and reduction aw a Fischer projection of the molecule that would produce L-ribonic acid if it were subjected to mildly oxidizing reaction conditions. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X AP ‡ 1/5 Naor Explanation Check McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Center Accessibil

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 92P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction:

Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the following result obtain from theHammett equation.

Concept introduction: Hammett reaction constant (ρ)is the slope of logarithm of rate constant (logk) versusHammett substitution constant (σ) graph. The logk Vs σ graph can be represented as:

The negative value of the ρ means electrons flow out from the aromatic ring in the rate-determining step and positive value of ρ electrons flow into the aromatic ring in the rate determining step.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 15

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 16

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 17

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

Answer 18

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

Answer 19

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

Answer 20

Trending now

Answer 21

This is a popular solution!

Answer 22

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 23

Ch. 15.1 - The aromas of many flowers and fruits are due to...Ch. 15.1 - Name the following:Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 3P Ch. 15.2 - Which is longer, the carbon-oxygen single bond in...Ch. 15.2 - There are three carbon-oxygen bonds in methyl...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 6P Ch. 15.4 - a. What is the product of the reaction of acetyl...Ch. 15.4 - What is the product of an acyl substitution...Ch. 15.5 - a. Which compound has the stretching vibration for...Ch. 15.5 - Using the pKa values listed in Table 15.1, predict...

Solution Summary: The author explains the Hammett reaction constant, which is the slope of logarithm of rate constant ( logk ) versusHammet

Chapter 15 Solutions