Chapter 15, Problem 44UTC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The gain of electrons needs to be classified as oxidation or reduction.

Concept Introduction :

In a redox reaction both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. Oxidation takes place by loss of electrons and reduction takes place by gain of electrons. The oxidation state of a species increases on oxidation and decreases on reduction. When in a reaction, 1 of the reactants get oxidized and 1 gets reduced, this is known as a redox reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of a reducing agent needs to be classified as oxidation or reduction.

Concept Introduction :

In a redox reaction both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. Oxidation takes place by loss of electrons and reduction takes place by gain of electrons. The oxidation state of a species increases on oxidation and decreases on reduction. In a reaction, one of the reactants get oxidized and 1 gets reduced, this is known as a redox reaction. The species that reduces others and itself gets oxidized is known as a reducing agent.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified as oxidation or reduction:

  $\text{Ni}\left(s\right)\to {\text{Ni}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)$

Concept Introduction :

In a redox reaction both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. Oxidation takes place by loss of electrons and reduction takes place by gain of electrons. The oxidation state of a species increases on oxidation and decreases on reduction. When in a reaction, 1 of the reactants get oxidized and 1 gets reduced, this is known as a redox reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified as oxidation or reduction:

  ${\text{MnO}}_4{}^{-}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{MnO}}_2\left(s\right)$

Concept Introduction :

In a redox reaction both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. Oxidation takes place by loss of electrons and reduction takes place by gain of electrons. The oxidation state of a species increases on oxidation and decreases on reduction. In a reaction, one of the reactants get oxidized and 1 gets reduced, this is known as a redox reaction. The species that oxidizes others and itself gets reduced is known as an oxidizing agent.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified as oxidation or reduction:

  ${\text{Sn}}^{4+}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Sn}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)$

Concept Introduction :

In a redox reaction both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. Oxidation takes place by loss of electrons and reduction takes place by gain of electrons. The oxidation state of a species increases on oxidation and decreases on reduction. In a reaction, one of the reactants get oxidized and one gets reduced, this is known as a redox reaction. The species that oxidizes others and itself gets reduced is known as an oxidizing agent.