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Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 15, Problem 3P
To determine
The time taken by the passenger aircraft to reach the sun and the galactic center.
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I am struggling to solve this question, thanks!
If a standard passenger aircraft can fly at 0.32 km/s (716 mph), how long (in yr) would it take to reach the sun? ______ yr
How long (In yr) would it take to reach the galactic center? (Note: 1 pc = 3.1 x 10^13 km. The radius of the suns orbit around the galactic center is approximately 8,300 pc.)
______ yr
Figure 2 shows the "rotation curve" of
NGC 2742. It plots the “radial velocity
(V)" (how fast material is moving
either toward or away from us) that is
measured for objects at different
distances (R = radius") from the
center of the galaxy. The center of the
galaxy is at 0 kpc (kiloparsecs) with a
speed of 9 km/sec away from us.
(These velocities have been corrected
for the observed tilt of the galaxy and
represent true orbital velocities of the
stars and gas.)
200
100
U4779
-100
As you can see, one side of the galaxy
is moving with a negative velocity
(spinning toward us), while the other
side has a positive velocity (spinning
away from us). Using Newton's
gravity equation, we will be able to
determine the gravitational mass of the
entire galaxy and how the mass varies
versus distance from the galaxy's center.
-200
-8
8
-4
Radius (kpc)
Read the following text carefully and follow the instructions:
Select five radii spaced evenly from 0-10 kpc across the galaxy. Your selections should…
Chapter 15 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15 - What evidence can you give that we live in a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2RQCh. 15 - Why didnt astronomers before Shapley realize how...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4RQCh. 15 - Prob. 5RQCh. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - Which parts of a spiral galaxy comprise the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8RQCh. 15 - Prob. 9RQCh. 15 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11RQCh. 15 - Prob. 12RQCh. 15 - Prob. 13RQCh. 15 - Prob. 14RQCh. 15 - Prob. 15RQCh. 15 - Prob. 16RQCh. 15 - Prob. 17RQCh. 15 - Prob. 18RQCh. 15 - Prob. 19RQCh. 15 - Prob. 20RQCh. 15 - Prob. 21RQCh. 15 - Prob. 22RQCh. 15 - Prob. 23RQCh. 15 - Prob. 24RQCh. 15 - Prob. 25RQCh. 15 - Prob. 26RQCh. 15 - Rank these objects from oldest to youngest the...Ch. 15 - What evidence contradicts the top-down hypothesis...Ch. 15 - Prob. 29RQCh. 15 - The story of a process makes the facts easier to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1PCh. 15 - Prob. 2PCh. 15 - Prob. 3PCh. 15 - Prob. 4PCh. 15 - Prob. 5PCh. 15 - Prob. 6PCh. 15 - Prob. 7PCh. 15 - Prob. 8PCh. 15 - If the Sun is 4.6 billion years old, how many...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10PCh. 15 - Prob. 11PCh. 15 - Prob. 12PCh. 15 - Prob. 13PCh. 15 - Prob. 14PCh. 15 - Prob. 15PCh. 15 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 15 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 15 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 15 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 15 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 15 - Prob. 5LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The Tully-Fischer method relies on being able to relate the mass of a galaxy to its rotation velocity. Stars in the outer-most regions of the Milky Way galaxy, located at a distance of 50 kpc from the galactic centre, are observed to orbit at a speed vrot = 250 km s−1. Using Kepler’s 3rd Law, determine the mass in the Milky Way that lies interior to 50 kpc. Express your answer in units of the Solar mass.arrow_forwardIf a standard passenger aircraft can fly at 0.37 km/s (828 mph), how long (in yr) would it take to reach the Sun? How long (in yr) would it take to reach the galactic center? (Note: 1 pc = 3.1 ✕ 1013 km. The radius of the Sun's orbit around the galactic center is approximately 8,300 pc.)arrow_forwarda) Calculate the period of the solar system's orbit around the Milky Way. Assume that we are 8.5 kpc from the galactic center and assume that the mass of the Milky Way interior to our orbit is ~ 10¹¹ solar masses. Alpha Centauri is a multiple star system only 1.34 parsecs away. The apparent magnitudes of the two main stars are: a Cen A: my = +0.01; a Cen B: my = +1.33. b) Calculate the ratio of the flux we receive in the V filter from a Cen A to the flux we receive from a Cen B. c) Calculate the absolute magnitude My of a Cen B.arrow_forward
- The Sun is moving at 220 ??/? around the Galactic Center at a more-or-less constant distance of 8.5 ???. To appreciate how remarkable this is, consider the following questions: a) How massive would the Sun have to be for the Earth to have an orbital velocity of 220 km/s at 1 AU? b) How fast would the Earth move if it was in orbit around the Sun at a distance of 8.5 kpc? Of course, you may ignore the effects of all other stars in this calculation.arrow_forwardAn astronomical image shows two objects that have the same apparent magnitude, i.e., the same brightness. However, spectroscopic follow up observations indicate that while one is a star that is within our galaxy, at a distance dgal away, and has the same luminosity as the Sun, the other is a quasar and has 100x the luminosity of the entire Milky Way galaxy. What is the distance to the quasar? (You may assume, for this rough calculation, that the Milky Way has 1011 stars and that they all have the luminosity as the Sun.) Give your response in Mpc. Value: dgal = 49 pcarrow_forwardI answer is not 100, I also tried 21. I need help! Thank you!arrow_forward
- helparrow_forwardCan you please help with Part 2 of 2? Thank you.arrow_forwardA Cepheid variable in the Andromeda galaxy has a period of 22 days and a mean apparent magnitude of19.5.(a) Calculate the distance modulus of the Andromeda galaxy.(b) Given that the Andromeda galaxy is approaching the Milky Way with a velocity of 119 km/s, roughlyestimate how long before these two galaxies collide? Provide your answer in years.arrow_forward
- Question A1 a) The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is a galaxy in the vicinity of the Milky Way. It is at a distance of 50 kpc, and has a size across of 9.86 kpc. Consider a star similar to Vega (absolute magnitude M = 0.58) which is at the edge of the LMC as seen on the sky. What is its apparent magnitude? Show your calculation. b) A second similar star is observed near the centre of the LMC as seen on the sky with an observed apparent magnitude of m = 20.3. Is this consistent with the star being a member of the LMC? Explain your reasoning. c) An observational study has derived a map of the extinction Ay across the LMC, and shown that its average value is 0.38, with a standard deviation of 0.57. For the star discussed in part (b), if extinction is taken into account, does your conclusion about the star's membership of the LMC change? Explain your reasoning. You may assume that the star may suffer the full (positive) range of extinction found in the study of the LMC. d) Which other…arrow_forwardA galaxy's rotation curve is a measure of the orbital speed of stars as a function of distance from the galaxy's centre. The fact that rotation curves are primarily flat at large galactocen- tric distances (vrot(r) ~ constant) is the most common example of why astronomer's believe dark matter exists. Let's work out why! Assuming that each star in a given galaxy has a circular orbit, we know that the accelera- tion due to gravity felt by each star is due to the mass enclosed within its orbital radius r and equal to v?/r. Here, ve is the circular orbit velocity of the star. (a) Show that the expected relationship between ve and r due to the stellar halo (p(r) xr-3.5) does not produce a flat rotation curve. (b) Show that a p(r) ∞ r¯² density profile successfully produces a flat ro- tation curve and must therefore be the general profile that dark matter follows in our galaxy.arrow_forwardSuppose you observe a star orbiting the galactic center at a speed of 1100 km/s in a circular orbit with a radius of 14 light-days. Calculate the mass of the object that the star is orbiting. Express your answer in solar masses to two significant figures.arrow_forward
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