
Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 23E
Show that the statement that 92% of the Sun’s atoms are hydrogen is consistent with the statement that 73% of the Sun’s mass is made up of hydrogen, as found in Table 15.2. (Hint: Make the simplifying assumption, which is nearly correct, that the Sun is made up entirely of hydrogen and helium.)
Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A girl launches a toy rocket from the ground. The engine experiences an average thrust of 5.26 N. The mass of the engine plus fuel before liftoff is 25.4 g, which includes fuel mass of 12.7 g. The engine fires for a total of 1.90 s. (Assume all the fuel is consumed.)
(a) Calculate the average exhaust speed of the engine (in m/s).
m/s
(b) This engine is positioned in a rocket body of mass 70.0 g. What is the magnitude of the final velocity of the rocket (in m/s) if it were to be fired from rest in outer space with the same amount of fuel? Assume the fuel burns at a constant rate.
m/s
Two objects of masses m₁
0.48 kg and m₂ = 0.86 kg are placed on a horizontal frictionless surface and a compressed spring of force constant k 260 N/m is placed between them as in figure (a). Neglect the mass of the spring. The spring is not attached to either object and is
compressed a distance of 9.4 cm. If the objects are released from rest, find the final velocity of each object as shown in figure (b). (Let the positive direction be to the right. Indicate the direction with the sign of your answer.)
m/s
V1
V2=
m1
m/s
k
m2
a
す。
k
m2
m1
b
Sand from a stationary hopper falls on a moving conveyor belt at the rate of 4.90 kg/s as shown in the figure below. The conveyor belt is supported by frictionless rollers and moves at a constant speed of v = 0.710 m/s under the action of a constant horizontal external force F
by the motor that drives the belt.
Fext
i
(a) Find the sand's rate of change of momentum in the horizontal direction.
(b) Find the force of friction exerted by the belt on the sand.
(c) Find the external force
ext'
(d) Find the work done by F
in 1 s.
ext
(e) Find the kinetic energy acquired by the falling sand each second due to the change in its horizontal motion.
ext supplied
Chapter 15 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 15 - Describe the main differences between the...Ch. 15 - Describe how energy makes its way from the nuclear...Ch. 15 - Make a sketch of the Sun’s atmosphere showing the...Ch. 15 - Why do sunspots look dark?Ch. 15 - Which aspects of the Sun’s activity cycle have a...Ch. 15 - Summarize the evidence indicating that over...Ch. 15 - What it the Zeeman effect and what does it tell us...Ch. 15 - Explain how the theory of the Sun’s dynamo results...Ch. 15 - Compare and contrast the four different types of...Ch. 15 - What are the two sources of particles coming from...
Ch. 15 - How does activity on the Sun affect human...Ch. 15 - How does activity on the Sun affect natural...Ch. 15 - Table 15.1 indicates that the density of the Sun...Ch. 15 - Starting from the core of the Sun and going...Ch. 15 - Since the rotation period of the Sun can be...Ch. 15 - Suppose an (extremely hypothetical) elongated...Ch. 15 - The text explains that plages are found near...Ch. 15 - Why would a flare be observed in visible light,...Ch. 15 - How can the prominences, which are so big and...Ch. 15 - If you were concerned about space weather and...Ch. 15 - Suppose you live in northern Canada and an...Ch. 15 - The edge of the Sun doesn’t have to be absolutely...Ch. 15 - Show that the statement that 92% of the Sun’s...Ch. 15 - From Doppler shifts of the spectral lines in the...Ch. 15 - Assuming an average sunspot cycle of 11 years, how...Ch. 15 - This chapter gives the average sunspot cycle as 11...Ch. 15 - The escape velocity from any astronomical object...Ch. 15 - Suppose you observe a major solar flare while...Ch. 15 - Suppose an eruptive prominence rises at a speed of...Ch. 15 - From the information in Figure 15.21, estimate the...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
The number of named species is about __________, but the actual number of species on Earth is estimated to be a...
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
32. What hanging mass will stretch a 2.0-m-long, 0.50-mm-diameter steel wire by 1.0 mm?
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Plants use the process of photosynthesis to convert the energy in sunlight to chemical energy in the form of su...
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
All of the following processes are involved in the carbon cycle except: a. photosynthesis b. cell respiration c...
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Chlorine has two isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl; 75.77% of chlorine is 35Cl, and 24.23% is 37Cl. The atomic mass of 35...
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Two culture media were inoculated with four different bacteria. After incubation, the following results were ob...
Microbiology: An Introduction
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An unstable atomic nucleus of mass 1.84 × 10-26 kg initially at rest disintegrates into three particles. One of the particles, of mass 5.14 × 10-27 kg, moves in the y direction with a speed of 6.00 × 106 m/s. Another particle, of mass 8.46 × 10-27 kg, moves in the x direction with a speed of 4.00 x 106 m/s. (a) Find the velocity of the third particle. |Î + i) m/s (b) Find the total kinetic energy increase in the process. ]arrow_forwardTwo gliders are set in motion on an air track. A light spring of force constant k is attached to the back end of the second glider. As shown in the figure below, the first glider, of mass m₁, moves to the right with a speed V₁, and the second glider, of mass m₂, moves more slowly to the right with a speed, V2. VI m2 i When m₁ collides with the spring attached to m2, the spring compresses by a distance xmax, and the gliders then move apart again. In terms of V1, V2, m₁, m2, and k, find the following. (Use any variable or symbol stated above as necessary.) (a) speed v at maximum compression V = (b) the maximum compression Xmax Xmax = (c) the speed of each glider after m₁ V1f = has lost contact with the spring (Use any variable or symbol stated above as necessary.) V2farrow_forwardAs shown below, a bullet of mass m and speed v is fired at an initially stationary pendulum bob. The bullet goes through the bob, and exits with a speed of pendulum bob will barely swing through a complete vertical circle? (Use the following as necessary: m, L, g, and M for the mass of the bob.) 2 The pendulum bob is attached to a rigid pole of length L and negligible mass. What is the minimum value of v such that the V = L m M v/2 iarrow_forward
- As shown in the figure, a billiard ball with mass m₂ is initially at rest on a horizontal, frictionless table. A second billiard ball with mass m₁ moving with a speed 2.00 m/s, collides with m2. Assume m₁ moves initially along the +x-axis. After the collision, m₁ moves with speed 1.00 m/s at an angle of 0 = 48.0° to the positive x-axis. (Assume m₁ = 0.200 kg and m₂ = 0.300 kg.) m₁ Before the collision Vli After the collision Mi sin 9 Jif "If cos Vof COS U2f sin o Mo b (a) Determine the speed (in m/s) of the 0.300 kg ball after the collision. m/s (b) Find the fraction of kinetic energy transferred away or transformed to other forms of energy in the collision. |AKI K;arrow_forwardA block with mass m₁ = 0.600 kg is released from rest on a frictionless track at a distance h₁ = 2.55 m above the top of a table. It then collides elastically with an object having mass m₂ = 1.20 kg that is initially at rest on the table, as shown in the figure below. h₁ իջ m m2 (a) Determine the velocities of the two objects just after the collision. (Assume the positive direction is to the right. Indicate the direction with the signs of your answers.) V1= m/s m/s (b) How high up the track does the 0.600-kg object travel back after the collision? m (c) How far away from the bottom of the table does the 1.20-kg object land, given that the height of the table is h₂ = 1.75 m? m (d) How far away from the bottom of the table does the 0.600-kg object eventually land? marrow_forwardAn estimated force-time curve for a baseball struck by a bat is shown in the figure below. Let F F(N) Fmax TÀ 0 t (ms) 0 la (a) the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the ball N.S (b) the average force exerted on the ball KN = 17,000 N, t = max a 1.5 ms, and t₁ = 2 ms. From this curve, determine the following.arrow_forward
- There are many well-documented cases of people surviving falls from heights greater than 20.0 m. In one such case, a 55.0 kg woman survived a fall from a 10th floor balcony, 29.0 m above the ground, onto the garden below, where the soil had been turned in preparation for planting. Because of the "give" in the soil, which the woman compressed a distance of 15.0 cm upon impact, she survived the fall and was only briefly hospitalized. (a) Ignoring air resistance, what was her impact speed with the ground (in m/s)? m/s (b) What was the magnitude of her deceleration during the impact in terms of g? g (c) Assuming a constant acceleration, what was the time interval (in s) during which the soil brought her to a stop? S (d) What was the magnitude of the impulse (in N⚫ s) felt by the woman during impact? N⚫s (e) What was the magnitude of the average force (in N) felt by the woman during impact? Narrow_forwardExample Two charges, one with +10 μC of charge, and another with - 7.0 μC of charge are placed in line with each other and held at a fixed distance of 0.45 m. Where can you put a 3rd charge of +5 μC, so that the net force on the 3rd charge is zero?arrow_forward* Coulomb's Law Example Three charges are positioned as seen below. Charge 1 is +2.0 μC and charge 2 is +8.0μC, and charge 3 is - 6.0MC. What is the magnitude and the direction of the force on charge 2 due to charges 1 and 3? 93 kq92 F == 2 r13 = 0.090m 91 r12 = 0.12m 92 Coulomb's Constant: k = 8.99x10+9 Nm²/C² ✓arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStaxStars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage LearningFoundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning

Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax

Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399944
Author:Michael A. Seeds
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399920
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning


An Introduction to Physical Science
Physics
ISBN:9781305079137
Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
