Concept explainers
a.
To predict:
The sequence of the
Using the template strand of the DNA with the sequence
Introduction:
The sequence of the m-RNA, is copied from the DNA by the process transcription and the amino acid sequence from the m-RNA is formed by the process of translation. Both of these processes lead to gene expression in eukaryotes.
b.
To predict:
The amino acid sequence of the protein.
Using the template strand of the DNA with the sequence
Introduction:
The sequence of the m-RNA, is copied from the DNA by the process transcription and the amino acid sequence from the m-RNA is formed by the process of translation. Both of these processes lead to gene expression in eukaryotes.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
BIOLOGY
- DNA from a eukaryotic gene was isolated, denatured, and hybridized to the mRNA transcribed from the gene; the hybridized structure was then observed with an electron microscope. The adjoining diagram shows the structure that was observed. a. Identify and label the exons and introns in this hybridized structure.arrow_forwardA molecular geneticist hopes to find a Gene in human liver cell that codes for an important blood-clotting protein,he knows that the nucleotide sequence of a small part of the Gene is GTGGACTGACA.briefly explain how to obtain genearrow_forwardDNA from a eukaryotic gene was isolated, denatured, and hybridized to the mRNA transcribed from the gene; the hybridized structure was then observed with an electron microscope. The adjoining diagram shows the structure that was observed. a. How many introns and exons are there in this gene? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- give the amino acids specified by the following bacterial mRNA sequences. a. 5′ –AUGUUUAAAUUUAAAUUUUGA–3′ b. 5′ –AGGGAAAUCAGAUGUAUAUAUAUAUAUGA–3′ c. 5′ –UUUGGAUUGAGUGAAACGAUGGAUGAAAG AUUUCUCGCUUGA–3′ d. 5′ –GUACUAAGGAGGUUGUAUGGGUUAGGGG ACAUCAUUUUGA–3′arrow_forwardAssume a bacterial gene underwent a mutation, where a thymine base from an early portion of the coding sequence of the DNA is replaced with a cytosine (as illustrated below). Original sequence (coding strand): AGTTCCTACAAAATGGAGCTGTCTTGGCATGTAGTCTTT ...[Sequence continues with another 80 bases] New sequence: AGTTCCCACAAAATGGAGCTGTCTTGGCATGTAGTCTTT...[Sequence continues with another 80 bases] UAC encodes tyrosine, CAC encodes histine, per the coding table. (This question can be answered without use of the code table, but it is provided here as a resource.) What would the expected result of such a mutation be on the final protein product of the mutated gene (compared to the original, non-mutant product)? The protein will be very different from the original version, and likely non-functional. The protein will be cut short, ending after the first amino acid. There will be no protein produced at all. No change – the protein will be the same.…arrow_forwardConsider a stretch of DNA (a hypothetical gene) that has the sequence 5’ ATG-CTA-TCA-TGG-TTC-TAA 3’ A) Transcribe and translate this gene using the genetic code table. Be sure to label the mRNA 3’ and 5’ ends. Write the amino acid sequence using 1 letter abbreviations. B) Now, our hypothetical gene has undergone a mutation. The mutant sequence is....3’ TAC-GAT-AGT-ACC-AAT-ATT 5’5’ ATG-CTA-TCA-TGG-TTA-TAA 3’ Transcribe and translate the mutant sequence. Be sure to label the mRNA 3’ and 5’ ends. Write the amino acid sequence using 1 letter abbreviations. C) Indicate the type of mutation (nonsense, missense, silent, or frame shift) present. D) How severe of a consequence will this mutation likely be in terms of protein function (none, mild, moderate or severe)? Why?arrow_forward
- Here is a DNA template strand’s sequence and direction: 3’-TACGCGGTAATC-5’ . What is the sequence and direction of mRNA synthesized from this DNA?arrow_forwardShown below is a portion of a DNA sequence ( 31 base pairs long ) that encodes the last amino acids of a protein : The first three underlined base pairs indicate the frame and include the coding region . 123456789 A. Write the peptide sequence of the last 6 amino acids of the protein . Label both ends of the peptide . B. A insertion of one base pair causes the protein to decrease in length by 5 amino acids . With respect to the sequence given above , where does this insertion occur , and what base pair will you insert ? C. An change of one base pair leads to the protein to increase in length by one amino acid. With respect to the sequence given above , which base pair would you change ? How would you change this base pair for the protein to increase in length by one amino acid ?arrow_forwardFor the following DNA sequence: 3’–CGATACGGCTATGCCGGCATT–5’, what is the sequence of the corresponding segment of mRNA formed using the DNA segment above as the template?arrow_forward
- A molecular geneticist hopes to find a gene in human liver cells that codes for an important blood-clotting protein. He knows that the nucleotide sequence of a small part of the gene is GTGGAСTGACA. Briefly explain how to obtain the desired gene.arrow_forwardGiven Sequence: 3’ – TACGGACTGATAGGCCCGCGCATC-5’ PLEASE PROVIDE THE RANSLATION OF THE FOLLOWING: a.Complementary Strand: b. Direct Transcript: c. Transcript for Translation: d.Translated Amino Acid Sequence:arrow_forwardBelow is a DNA sequence of the coding strand for a small gene. This gene has no introns. +1 5'- TATAAGATGCGTAGGATGCAGCTGTTTCAGCAGCCACGGTCTCGGCCCAGATAGCAGATAATAAACACGC GTA-3 a. Is this gene for an eukaryote or a prokaryote? Give one reason (. b. How many amino acids are expected to be coded by this gene? c. There are five underlined nucleotide sequences, interpret the purpose of three of them ONLY?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
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