Chapter 15, Problem 15.75P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The four isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}\text{O}$ that can be oxidized to an aldehyde has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The organic molecules which have identical molecular formula but with different structures or arrangement of atoms are said to be isomers.

Aldehyde can be obtained by the oxidation of primary alcohols.  In primary alcohols, the carbon bonded to $\text{-OH}$ is bonded to two hydrogens.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The three isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}\text{O}$ that can be oxidized to a ketone has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The organic molecules which have identical molecular formula but with different structures or arrangement of atoms are said to be isomers.

Ketone can be obtained by the oxidation of secondary alcohols.  In secondary alcohols, the carbon bonded to $\text{-OH}$ is bonded to two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}\text{O}$ that can be easily oxidized to an aldehyde or a ketone has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The organic molecules which have identical molecular formula but with different structures or arrangement of atoms are said to be isomers.

The aldehydes or ketones are not formed on oxidation of tertiary alcohols and ethers.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alcohol isomers has to be named.