Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of 1,3-dichloropentane has to be drawn and the optical activity has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.
To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified. The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.
Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified. It indicates whether any
The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.
The name of the compound is in the form
Prefix + Root + Suffix
The isomers which are mirror images of each other and are non-superimposable are said to be optical isomers and the isomerism is said to be optical isomerism. The optical isomers are also called as enantiomers. The optical isomers which rotate the plane-polarized light are optically active.
The optical isomers are asymmetric and plane of symmetry will be absent. An organic molecule is said to be chiral when it is bonded to four different groups and is asymmetric. The carbon atom bonded to four different groups is said to be chiral carbon or asymmetric carbon. An organic compound is said to be optically active when it contains at least one chiral center.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of 3-chloro-2,2,5-trimethylhexane has to be drawn and the optical activity has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.
To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified. The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.
Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified. It indicates whether any functional groups are present in the compound, it also gives whether the compound is an alkane or alkene or alkyne.
The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.
The name of the compound is in the form
Prefix + Root + Suffix
The isomers which are mirror images of each other and are non-superimposable are said to be optical isomers and the isomerism is said to be optical isomerism. The optical isomers are also called as enantiomers. The optical isomers which rotate the plane-polarized light are optically active.
The optical isomers are asymmetric and plane of symmetry will be absent. An organic molecule is said to be chiral when it is bonded to four different groups and is asymmetric. The carbon atom bonded to four different groups is said to be chiral carbon or asymmetric carbon. An organic compound is said to be optically active when it contains at least one chiral center.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of 1-bromo-1-chlorobutane has to be drawn and the optical activity has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The structure of the compound is given by its systematic name.
To give the structure from the name of the compound, the root name has to be identified. The root name indicates the number of carbon atoms present in the longest chain.
Then the functional group (suffix) has to be identified. It indicates whether any functional groups are present in the compound, it also gives whether the compound is an alkane or alkene or alkyne.
The prefix of the name indicates the branched groups and their positions on the carbon chain.
The name of the compound is in the form
Prefix + Root + Suffix
The isomers which are mirror images of each other and are non-superimposable are said to be optical isomers and the isomerism is said to be optical isomerism. The optical isomers are also called as enantiomers. The optical isomers which rotate the plane-polarized light are optically active.
The optical isomers are asymmetric and plane of symmetry will be absent. An organic molecule is said to be chiral when it is bonded to four different groups and is asymmetric. The carbon atom bonded to four different groups is said to be chiral carbon or asymmetric carbon. An organic compound is said to be optically active when it contains at least one chiral center.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
CHEMISTRY(LOOSELEAF) W/CONNECT+EBOOK
- Write the calculate the reaction quotient for the following system, if the partial pressure of all reactantsand products is 0.15 atm: NOCl (g) ⇌ NO (g) + Cl2 (g) H = 20.5 kcalarrow_forwardComplete the spectroscopy with structurearrow_forwardcould you answer the questions and draw the complete mechanismarrow_forward
- Complete the spectroscopy with structurearrow_forwardCalculate the reaction quotient for the reaction:NaOH (s) ⇌ Na+ (aq)+ OH- (aq) + 44.4 kJ [Na+] = 4.22 M [OH-] = 6.41 Marrow_forwardGiven the following concentrations for a system, calculate the value for the reaction quotient: Cl2(g)+ CS2(g) ⇌ CCl4(g)+ S2Cl2(g) Cl2 = 31.1 atm CS2 = 91.2 atm CCl4 = 2.12 atm S2Cl2 = 10.4 atmarrow_forward
- Match each chemical or item with the proper disposal or cleanup mwthod, Not all disposal and cleanup methods will be labeled. Metal sheets C, calcium, choroide solutions part A, damp metal pieces Part B, volumetric flask part A. a.Return to correct lables”drying out breaker. Place used items in the drawer.: Rinse with deionized water, dry as best you can, return to instructor. Return used material to the instructor.: Pour down the sink with planty of running water.: f.Pour into aqueous waste container. g.Places used items in garbage.arrow_forwardWrite the equilibrium constant expression for the following reaction: HNO2(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + NO2-(aq)arrow_forwardWrite the reaction quotient for: Pb2+(aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) ⇌ PbCl2(s)arrow_forward
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