Chapter 15, Problem 14A

Solution

Introduction:

Evolution can be defined as the unrolling of nature that brings about an orderly change from one form to another which results in the descendants to become different from the ancestors.

Adaptation is an evolutionary process where a plant or an animal become suited to living in a particular habitat. These changes take place over many generations through natural selection.

Correct answer:

The correct option is B, camouflage.

Explanation for correct answer:

B. Camouflage is a process by which an organism hides or disguises itself, usually to blend them with their surroundings. Organisms use camouflage to mask their location, identity and movement. It allows organisms to become almost invisible to predators.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

A. Vestigial organs are useless remnant of structure or organs which might have been large and functional in ancestors. Examples are vermiform appendix, nictitating membrane, auricular muscle, wisdom teeth, vestigial tail, mammary glands in males and body hairs.

C. Mimicry is type of adaptation in which one species evolves to resemble other species. This resemblance may be beneficial such as protection from predation upon one or both organisms by which the organism deceive the animate agent of natural selection.

D. The analogous structures are those which are different in structure but perform the samefunction. These structures show convergent evolution.