Chapter 15, Problem 13A

Solution

Introduction:

Evolution can be defined as the unrolling of nature that brings about an orderly change from one form to another which results in the descendants to become different from the ancestors.

Morphological and anatomical evidences include related organ systems, homology, analogy, adaptive radiation, adaptive convergence, vestigial organs and atavism.

Correct answer:

So the correct option is C.

Explanation correct answer:

C. The organisms in the given figure shows different structure but performing samefunction; helps in flying hence these structure would be considered as analogous structure which shows convergent evolution.

Explanation incorrect answer:

A. Vestigial organs are useless remnant of structure or organs which might have been large and functional in ancestors. Examples are vermiform appendix, nictitating membrane, auricular muscle, wisdom teeth, vestigial tail, mammary glands in males and body hairs.

B. Homologous organs are those which have same structure but perform different functions. Homology confirms divergent evolution or adaptive radiation.Examples of homologous organs are seal flipper; bird wing, bat wing, horse forelimb and human arm look different, perform different functions but have same structure.

D. Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and dissimilarities between the organisms anatomy. Itprovides evidence of common descent.