The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body. Introduction: Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

Amino Acid Coclow TABle 3' Gly Phe Leu (G) (F) (L) 3- Val (V) Arg (R) Ser (S) Ala (A) Lys (K) CAG G Glu Asp (E) (D) Ser (S) CCCAGUCAGUCAGUCAG 0204 C U A G C Asn (N) G 4 A AGU C GU (5) AC C UGA A G5 C CUGACUGACUGACUGAC Thr (T) Met (M) lle £€ (1) U 4 G Tyr Σε (Y) U Cys (C) C A G Trp (W) 3' U C A Leu בוט His Pro (P) ££ (H) Gin (Q) Arg 흐름 (R) (L) Start Stop 8. Transcription and Translation Practice: (Video 10-1 and 10-2) A. Below is the sense strand of a DNA gene. Using the sense strand, create the antisense DNA strand and label the 5' and 3' ends. B. Use the antisense strand that you create in part A as a template to create the mRNA transcript of the gene and label the 5' and 3' ends. C. Translate the mRNA you produced in part B into the polypeptide sequence making sure to follow all the rules of translation. 5'-AGCATGACTAATAGTTGTTGAGCTGTC-3' (sense strand) 4

What is the structure and function of Eukaryotic cells, including their organelles? How are Eukaryotic cells different than Prokaryotic cells, in terms of evolution which form of the cell might have came first? How do Eukaryotic cells become malignant (cancerous)?

What are the roles of DNA and proteins inside of the cell? What are the building blocks or molecular components of the DNA and proteins? How are proteins produced within the cell? What connection is there between DNA, proteins, and the cell cycle? What is the relationship between DNA, proteins, and Cancer?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem C2BYB

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The structural and functional features of macromolecules present in our body.

Introduction:

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the major macromolecules present in our body. Structurally they are made up of simpler units which combine and form the macromolecule. Functionally, all perform important functions inside the body.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Structure

Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are formed by the combination of saccharide units and are further classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides on the basis of a number of saccharides units in the chain. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars, for example, Glucose, Fructose, etc.

Proteins are formed by the combination of amino acids. There are 20 different types of standard amino acids which combine in a different sequence and give rise to different proteins.

Nucleic acids are also formed from smaller units known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are further made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Lipids- There is no common structure of lipids. Generally, triglycerides and phospholipids are the commonly occurring lipids. Triglyceride has a glycerol backbone which is connected with three fatty acids. The phospholipids have glycerol, fatty acids, low molecular weight alcohol, and phosphoric acids.

Functions: The macromolecules perform different functions, for instance, the basic function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and structure of all the living things involved. In plants, the chief energy source is starch and the structure and support are given by cellulose. In animals, the chief energy source is glycogen and structure and support is provided by chitin.

On the other hand, the major function of proteins is providing assistance in cell repairing and making the new cells. They also serve as an important dietary and energy requirement. The functions of lipids are providing insulation and long-term energy storage along with controlling the fluidity of cell membranes.

The nucleic acids perform the functions of storing the genetic material and transferring the genetic information to ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. They also assist in holding the ribosomal units together.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

Hence, it is concluded that there are four types of macromolecules which are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. All macromolecules are different in their structure and also differ in their functions. Apart from this, it is also important to know that all macromolecules are significantly needed in the body.

Answer 12

Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1LO Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 2LO Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 3LO Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1CYP Ch. 14.1 - Compare the major functions of the small intestine...Ch. 14.1 - Discuss strategies that might help obese people...Ch. 14.2 - Summarize the major functions of the pancreas, the...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2LO Ch. 14.2 - Review what it means to say that the pancreas has...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2CYP

Videos

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 14 Solutions