EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEER
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319321710
Author: Mosca
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 14, Problem 79P
(a)
To determine
The fraction of energy decrease during each cycle.
(b)
To determine
The percentage difference between
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We can model a molecular bond as a spring between two atoms that vibrate with simple harmonic motion.The figure below shows an simple harmonic motion approximation for the potential energy of an HCl molecule.This is a good approximation when E < 4 ×10^−19. Since mH << mCl, we assume that the hydrogen atomoscillates back and forth while the chlorine atom remains at rest. Estimate the oscillation frequency of theHCl molecule using information in the figure below.
A simple pendulum with a length of 1.73 m and a mass of 6.74 kg is given an initial speed of 2.36 m/s at its equilibrium position.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEER
Ch. 14 - Prob. 1PCh. 14 - Prob. 2PCh. 14 - Prob. 3PCh. 14 - Prob. 4PCh. 14 - Prob. 5PCh. 14 - Prob. 6PCh. 14 - Prob. 7PCh. 14 - Prob. 8PCh. 14 - Prob. 9PCh. 14 - Prob. 10P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume that a pendulum used to drive a grandfather clock has a length L0=1.00 m and a mass M at temperature T=20.00 °C. It can be modeled as a physical pendulum as a rod oscillating around one end. By what percentage will the period change if the temperature increases by 10°C? Assume the length of the rod changes linearly with temperature, where L=L0(1+T) and the rod is made of (=18106C1) .arrow_forwardThe amplitude of a lightly damped oscillator decreases by 3.0% during each cycle. What percentage of the mechanical energy of the oscillator is lost in each cycle?arrow_forwardShow that, if a driven oscillator is only lightly damped and driven near resonance, the Q of the system is approximately Q2(TotalenergyEnergylossduringoneperiod)arrow_forward
- An object of mass m on a spring of stiffness k oscillates with an amplitude A about its equilibrium position. Suppose that m = 300 g, k = 10 N/m, and A = 10 cm. (a) Find the total energy. (b) Find the mechanical frequency of vibration of the mass. (c) Calculate the change in amplitude when the system loses one quantum of energy.arrow_forwardWe do not need the analogy in Equation 16.30 to write expressions for the translational displacement of a pendulum bob along the circular arc s(t), translational speed v(t), and translational acceleration a(t). Show that they are given by s(t) = smax cos (smpt + ) v(t) = vmax sin (smpt + ) a(t) = amax cos(smpt + ) respectively, where smax = max with being the length of the pendulum, vmax = smax smp, and amax = smax smp2.arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding Identify one way you could decrease the maximum velocity of a simple harmonic oscillator.arrow_forward
- A particle of mass m moving in one dimension has potential energy U(x) = U0[2(x/a)2 (x/a)4], where U0 and a are positive constants. (a) Find the force F(x), which acts on the particle. (b) Sketch U(x). Find the positions of stable and unstable equilibrium. (c) What is the angular frequency of oscillations about the point of stable equilibrium? (d) What is the minimum speed the particle must have at the origin to escape to infinity? (e) At t = 0 the particle is at the origin and its velocity is positive and equal in magnitude to the escape speed of part (d). Find x(t) and sketch the result.arrow_forwardGive an example of a simple harmonic oscillator, specifically noting how its frequency is independent of amplitude.arrow_forwardPlot a velocity resonance curve for a driven, damped oscillator with Q = 6, and show that the full width of the curve between the points corresponding to is approximately equal to ω0/6.arrow_forward
- Check Your Understanding Why are completely undamped harmonic oscillators so rare?arrow_forwardRefer to the problem of the two coupled oscillators discussed in Section 12.2. Show that the total energy of the system is constant. (Calculate the kinetic energy of each of the particles and the potential energy stored in each of the three springs, and sum the results.) Notice that the kinetic and potential energy terms that have 12 as a coefficient depend on C1 and 2 but not on C2 or 2. Why is such a result to be expected?arrow_forwardA harmonic oscillator has angular frequency w and amplitudeA. (a) what are the magnitudes of the displacement and velocity when the elastic potential energy is equal to the kinetic energy? (Assume that Uet = 0 at equilibrium.) (b) How often does this occur in each cycle? what is the time between occurrences? (c) At an instant when the displacement is equal to, what fraction of the total energy of the system is kinetic and what fraction is potential?arrow_forward
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