1 Introduction To Physics 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics 3 Vectors In Physics 4 Two-Dimensional Kinematics 5 Newton’s Laws Of Motion 6 Applications Of Newton’s Laws 7 Work And Kinetic Energy 8 Potential Energy And Conservation Of Energy 9 Linear Momentum And Collisions 10 Rotational Kinematics And Energy 11 Rotational Dynamics And Static Equilibrium 12 Gravity 13 Oscillations About Equilibrium 14 Waves And Sound 15 Fluids 16 Temperature And Heat 17 Phases And Phase Changes 18 The Laws Of Thermodynamics 19 Electric Charges, Forces, And Fields 20 Electric Potential And Electric Potential Energy 21 Electric Current And Direct-Current Circuits 22 Magnetism 23 Magnetic Flux And Faraday’s Law Of Induction 24 Alternating-Current Circuits 25 Electromagnetic Wave 26 Geometrical Optics 27 Optical Instruments 28 Physical Optics: Interference And Diffraction 29 Relativity 30 Quantum Physics 31 Atomic Physics 32 Nuclear Physics And Nuclear Radiation expand_more
14.1 Types Of Waves 14.2 Waves On A String 14.3 Harmonic Wave Functions 14.4 Sound Waves 14.5 Sound Intensity 14.6 The Doppler Effect 14.7 Superposition And Interference 14.8 Standing Waves 14.9 Beats Chapter Questions expand_more
Problem 1CQ: A long nail has been driven halfway into the side of a barn. How should you hit the nail with a... Problem 2CQ: What type of wave is exhibited by amber waves of grain? Problem 3CQ: In a classic TV commercial, a group of cats feed from bowls of cat food that are lined up side by... Problem 4CQ: Describe how the sound of a symphony played by an orchestra would be altered if the speed of sound... Problem 5CQ: A radar gun is often used to measure the speed of a major-league pitch by reflecting a beam of radio... Problem 6CQ: When you drive a nail into a piece of wood, you hear a tone with each blow of the hammer. In fact,... Problem 7CQ: Explain the function of the sliding part of a trombone. Problem 8CQ: On a guitar, some strings are single wires, others are wrapped with another wire to increase the... Problem 9CQ Problem 1PCE: A wave travels along a stretched horizontal rope. The vertical distance from crest to trough for... Problem 2PCE: To determine: The speed of the waves Answer: The speed of the waves is 10.8 ms-1. Explanation: Given... Problem 3PCE: The speed of surface waves in water decreases as the water becomes shallower. Suppose waves travel... Problem 4PCE Problem 5PCE: A stationary boat bobs up and down with a period of 2.3 s when it encounters the waves from a moving... Problem 6PCE: Predict/Calculate A 4.5-Hz wave with an amplitude of 12 cm and a wavelength of 27 cm travels along a... Problem 7PCE: Deepwater Waves The speed of a deepwater wave with a wavelength is given approximately by v=g/2.... Problem 8PCE Problem 9PCE: Consider a wave on a string with constant tension. If the frequency of the wave is doubled, by what... Problem 10PCE: Suppose you would like to double the speed of a wave on a string. By what multiplicative factor must... Problem 11PCE: Predict/Explain Two strings are made of the same material and have equal tensions. String 1 is... Problem 12PCE: Predict/Explain Two strings are made of the same material and have waves of equal speed. String 1 is... Problem 13PCE Problem 14PCE: A brother and sister try to communicate with a string tied between two tin cans (Figure 14.44). If... Problem 15PCE: Predict/Calculate (a) Suppose the tension is increased in the previous problem. Does a wave take... Problem 16PCE Problem 17PCE: A 4.5-m-long rope of mass 1.8 kg hangs from a ceiling. (a) What is the tension in the rope at the... Problem 18PCE: Two steel guitar strings have the same length. String A has a diameter of 0.50 mm and is under 410.0... Problem 19PCE: Use dimensional analysis to show how the speed v of a wave on a string of circular cross section... Problem 20PCE Problem 21PCE: Write an expression for a transverse harmonic wave that has a wavelength of 2.6 m and propagates to... Problem 22PCE: The vertical displacement of a wave on a string is described by the equation y(x, t) = A sin (Bx ... Problem 23PCE: As it travels through a crystal, a light wave is described by the function E(x, t) = A cos [(1.54 ... Problem 24PCE: Predict/Calculate A wave on a string is described by the following equation: y=(15cm)cos(5.0cmx12st)... Problem 25PCE: Consider a harmonic wave with the following wave function: y=(12cm)cos(4.5cmx16st) Sketch this wave... Problem 26PCE: Predict/Calculate Four waves are described by the following equations, in which all distances are... Problem 27PCE: To determine: The distance of the cliff form the observer. Answer: The distance of the cliff from... Problem 28PCE: BIO Dolphin Ultrasound Dolphins of the open ocean are classified as Type II Odontocetes (toothed... Problem 29PCE Problem 30PCE Problem 31PCE: Predict/Calculate A sound wave in air has a frequency of 405 Hz. (a) What is its wavelength? (b) If... Problem 32PCE Problem 33PCE: A rock is thrown downward into a well that is 7.62 m deep. If the splash is heard 1.17 seconds... Problem 34PCE: If the distance to a point source of sound is doubled, by what multiplicative factor does the... Problem 35PCE: The intensity level of sound in a truck is 88 dB. What is the intensity of this sound? Problem 36PCE Problem 37PCE: Sound 1 has an intensity of 48.0 W/m2. Sound 2 has an intensity level that is 3.5 dB greater than... Problem 38PCE Problem 39PCE: Residents of Hawaii are warned of the approach of a tsunami by sirens mounted on the tops of towers.... Problem 40PCE: In a pig-calling contest, a caller produces a sound with an intensity level of 107 dB. How many such... Problem 41PCE Problem 42PCE: BIO The Human Eardrum The radius of a typical human eardrum is about 4.0 mm. Find the energy per... Problem 43PCE: Predict/Explain A horn produces sound with frequency f0, Let the frequency you hear when you are at... Problem 44PCE: You are heading toward an island in your speedboat when you see a friend standing on shore at the... Problem 45PCE: When the bell in a clock tower rings with a sound of 475 Hz, a pigeon roosting in the belfry flies... Problem 46PCE: A car approaches a train station with a speed of 24 m/s. A stationary train at the station sounds... Problem 47PCE: BIO A bat moving with a speed of 3.25 m/s and emitting sound of 35.0 kHz approaches a moth at rest... Problem 48PCE: A motorcycle and a police car are moving toward one another. The police car emits sound with a... Problem 49PCE: Hearing the siren of an approaching fire truck, you pull over to the side of the road and stop. As... Problem 50PCE Problem 51PCE: Predict/Calculate Two bicycles approach one another, each traveling with a speed of 8.50 m/s. (a) If... Problem 52PCE: A train on one track moves in the same direction as a second train on the adjacent track. The first... Problem 53PCE: Two cars traveling with the same speed move directly away from one another. One car sounds a horn... Problem 54PCE: The Bullet Train The Shinkansen, the Japanese bullet train, runs at high speed from Tokyo to Nagoya.... Problem 55PCE Problem 56PCE Problem 57PCE: A pair of in-phase stereo speakers is placed side by side, 0.914 m apart. You stand directly in... Problem 58PCE: Predict/Calculate Two violinists, one directly behind the other, play for a listener directly in... Problem 59PCE: Two loudspeakers are placed at either end of a gymnasium, both pointing toward the center of the gym... Problem 60PCE Problem 61PCE Problem 62PCE Problem 63PCE: An organ pipe that is open at both ends is 3.5 m long. What is its fundamental frequency? Problem 64PCE: A string 2.5 m long with a mass of 3.6 g is stretched between two fixed points with a tension of 91... Problem 65PCE Problem 66PCE: The fundamental wavelength for standing sound waves in an empty pop bottle is 0.88 m. (a) What is... Problem 67PCE: A string is tied down at both ends. Some of the standing waves on this string have the following... Problem 68PCE Problem 69PCE: A guitar string 66 cm long vibrates with a standing wave that has three antinodes. (a) Which... Problem 70PCE: Predict/Calculate A guitar string has a mass per length of 2.33 103kg/m and a fundamental frequency... Problem 71PCE Problem 72PCE: The organ pipe in Figure 14-49 is 2.75 m long. (a) What is the frequency of the standing wave shown... Problem 73PCE: The frequency of the standing wave shown in Figure 14-50 is 185 Hz. (a) What is the fundamental... Problem 74PCE: An organ pipe open at both ends has a harmonic with a frequency of 440 Hz. The next higher harmonic... Problem 75PCE: When guitar strings A and B are plucked at the same time, a beat frequency of 2 Hz is heard. If... Problem 76PCE Problem 77PCE: You have three tuning forks with frequencies of 252 Hz, 256 Hz, and 259 Hz. What beat frequencies... Problem 78PCE: Tuning a Piano To tune middle C on a piano, a tuner hits the key and at the same time sounds a... Problem 79PCE: Two musicians are comparing their clarinets. The first clarinet produces a tone that is known to be... Problem 80PCE: Predict/Calculate Two strings that are fixed at each end are identical, except that one is 0.560 cm... Problem 81PCE: Identical cellos are being tested. One is producing a fundamental frequency of 120.9 Hz on a string... Problem 82PCE: A friend in another city tells you that she has two organ pipes of different lengths, one open at... Problem 83GP Problem 84GP: The fundamental of an organ pipe that is closed at one end and open at the other end is 261.6 Hz... Problem 85GP: The Loudest Animal The loudest sound produced by a living organism on Earth is made by the bowhead... Problem 86GP: Hearing a Good Hit Physicist Robert Adair, once appointed the official physicist to the National... Problem 87GP Problem 88GP: Playing Harmonics When a 63-cm-long guitar string is plucked, all possible standing waves... Problem 89GP: BIO Measuring Hearing Loss To determine the amount of temporary hearing loss loud music can cause in... Problem 90GP: BIO Hearing a Pin Drop The ability to hear a pin drop is the sign of sensitive hearing. Suppose a... Problem 91GP: A cannon 105 m away from you shoots a cannonball straight up into the air with an initial speed of... Problem 92GP: A machine shop has 120 equally noisy machines that together produce an intensity level of 92 dB. If... Problem 93GP: Predict/Calculate A bottle has a standing wave with a frequency of 375 Hz. The next higher-frequency... Problem 94GP: Speed of a Tsunami Tsunamis can have wavelengths between 100 and 400 km. Since this is much greater... Problem 95GP: Two trains with 124-Hz horns approach one another. The slower of the two trains has a speed of 26... Problem 96GP: Predict/Calculate Jim is speeding toward James Island with a speed of 24 m/s when he sees Betsy... Problem 97GP: Two ships in a heavy fog are blowing their horns, both of which produce sound with a frequency of... Problem 98GP: BIO Cracking Your Knuckles When you crack a knuckle, you cause the knuckle cavity to widen rapidly.... Problem 99GP: A steel guitar string has a tension F, length L, and diameter D. Give the multiplicative factor by... Problem 100GP: A Slinky has a mass of 0.28 kg and negligible length. When it is stretched 1.5 m, it is found that... Problem 101GP: BIO Predict/Calculate OSHA Noise Standards OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration,... Problem 102GP: An organ pipe 3.4 m long is open at one end and closed at the other end. What is the linear distance... Problem 103GP: Two identical strings with the same tension vibrate at 631 Hz. If the tension in one of the strings... Problem 104GP: BIO The Love Song of the Midshipman Fish When the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus)... Problem 105GP Problem 106GP: Beats and Standing Waves In Problem 59, suppose the observer walks toward one speaker with a speed... Problem 107PP Problem 108PP Problem 109PP Problem 110PP Problem 111PP Problem 112PP: Referring to Example 14-11 Suppose the train is backing away from the cliff with a speed of 18.5 m/s... Problem 113PP Problem 114PP format_list_bulleted