ATKINS' PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
ATKINS' PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780190053956
Author: ATKINS
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 14, Problem 14A.1ST
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The magnitude of the electric dipole moment of methanal has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The quantity that is used to measure the uneven distribution of electrons around the atoms of a compound that possess the covalent bonds is known as dipole moment. The electric dipole moment is basically a measurement of the separation of negative and positive electrical charges. It is denoted by μ.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14A.1ST

The magnitude of the electric dipole moment of methanal is 3.21D_.

Explanation of Solution

The given illustration of methanal or formaldehyde is shown below.

ATKINS' PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, Chapter 14, Problem 14A.1ST

Figure 1

The positions of the given atoms are represented by (x,y,z) coordinates having distance in picometers.

The value of charge is e=1.602×1019C.

The equation that s used to calculate the electric dipole is given below.

    μ=(μx2+μy2+μz2)1/2        (1)

The value of μx is calculated below.

    μx=0.38e(0pm)+0.18e(94pm)+0.18e(94pm)+0.02e(0pm)=0

The value of μy is calculated below.

    μy=0.38e(118pm)+0.18e(61pm)+0.18e(61pm)+0.02e(0pm)=44.84epm10.98epm10.98epm=66.8epm

Substitute e=1.602×1019C and convert picometer into meter in the above equation.

    μy=66.8×1.602×1019C×1012m=1.07×1029Cm=3.21D

The structure of methanol is planar, so z-coordinate is zero. So, μz=0

Substitute μy=3.21D, μx=0 and μz=0 in equation (1).

    μ=(0+(3.21D)2+0)1/2=(10.3041D)1/2=3.21D_

Therefore, the magnitude of the electric dipole moment of methanal is 3.21D_.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

ATKINS' PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

Ch. 14 - Prob. 14A.3DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.1AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.1BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.2AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.2BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.3AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.3BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.4AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.4BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.5AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.5BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.6AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.6BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.7AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.7BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.8AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.8BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.9AECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.9BECh. 14 - Prob. 14A.1PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.2PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.3PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.4PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.5PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.6PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.7PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.8PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.10PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.12PCh. 14 - Prob. 14A.13PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.1DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.2DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.3DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.4DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.5DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.1AECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.1BECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.2AECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.2BECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.3AECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.3BECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.4AECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.4BECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.5AECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.5BECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.6AECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.6BECh. 14 - Prob. 14B.1PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.2PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.3PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.4PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.5PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.6PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.7PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.8PCh. 14 - Prob. 14B.10PCh. 14 - Prob. 14C.1DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14C.2DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14C.1AECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.1BECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.2AECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.2BECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.3AECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.3BECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.4AECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.4BECh. 14 - Prob. 14C.1PCh. 14 - Prob. 14C.2PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.1DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.2DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.3DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.4DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.5DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.1AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.1BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.2AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.2BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.3AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.3BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.4AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.4BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.5AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.5BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.6AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.6BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.8AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.8BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.9AECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.9BECh. 14 - Prob. 14D.2PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.3PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.4PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.6PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.7PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.8PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.9PCh. 14 - Prob. 14D.10PCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.1DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.2DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.3DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.4DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.5DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.1AECh. 14 - Prob. 14E.1BECh. 14 - Prob. 14E.1PCh. 14 - Prob. 14E.3PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.1IACh. 14 - Prob. 14.2IACh. 14 - Prob. 14.6IACh. 14 - Prob. 14.8IA
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