An experiment is designed to measure the partition coefficient, K, associated with the transfer of a pharmaceutical product through a polymer material. The partition coefficient is defined as the ratio of the densities of the species of interest (the pharmaceutical) on either side of an interface. In the experiment, liquid pharmaceutical (
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Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
- I need an introduction to Enhancing indoor air quality and safe entertainment in sports halls (report) And talking about the elements using It is used to improve the air inside the sports hall, improve the audience stands, and improve the sound of music using sound insulation of (Sensor, funs, section equipment, Acoustic to prevent sound echo in halls, O2 ventilator) with an explanation of the function of each element using formula heating exchange for (sensor, funs, section equipment, Acoustic to prevent sound echo in halls, O2 ventilator) and the physical rules for each element, and in the end I want a conclusion pls very urgentarrow_forwardMany biological tissues have layers with different extracellular matrix components and different orientations of these components. As a result, diffusion coefficients vary from region to region. Even within a region, the diffusion coefficient depends on the direction of transport, a situation know as anisotropy. Consider the steady-state, one-dimensional diffusion of a molecule across an artery wall consist of an acellular phase and a cellular phase. There are no chemical reactions. An example of such a tissue is an elastic artery that contains a layer of smooth muscle cells of thickness L1 and an elastic lamina of thickness L2. (Actually, an artery consists of repeating layers of elastin and smooth muscle cells, but for the present discussion, consider a single layer of each.) The molecule diffusion coefficients of the two layers are Di, 1 and Di, 2 respectively. The concentration of the molecule at the lumen surface (x = 0) is C0, and the concentration at x = L1 + L2 = L is CL. L1 =…arrow_forwardCooking an egg involves the denaturation of a protein called albumen. The time required to achieve a particular degree of denaturation is inversely proportional to the rate constant for the process. This reaction has a high activation energy, E, = 418 kJ mol. Calculate how long it would take to cook a traditional three-minute egg on top of mountain peak on a day when the atmospheric pressure there is 355 mmHgarrow_forward
- To maximize production and minimize pumping costs, crude oil is heated to reduce its viscosity during transportation from a production field. (1) Consider a pipe-in-pipe configuration consisting of concentric steel tubes with an intervening insulating material. The inner tube is used to transport warm crude oil through cold ocean water. The inner steel pipe ( ks = 40 W/m-K) has an inside diameter of Di, 1 = 150 mm and wall thickness t; = 20 mm while the outer steel pipe has an inside diameter of D2 = 250 mm and wall thickness, = 1,. Determine the maximum allowable crude oil temperature to ensure the polyurethane foam insulation (k, = 0.0425 W/m.K) between the two pipes does not exceed its maximum service temperature of Tp, max = 70°C. The ocean water is at Too, o ho T = -5°C and provides an external convection heat transfer coefficient of h = 500 W/m²K. The convection coefficient associated with the flowing crude oil is h₁ = 450 W/m²K. (2) It is proposed to enhance the performance of…arrow_forwardPlease answer within one hr i will give good rating.arrow_forwardIm absolutely lost and need help !arrow_forward
- i need the answer quicklyarrow_forward10:52 AM 50 SALE Noll 2.0376 K/S Downloaded by Mothusi Mahlathini (mothusimothusi194@gmail.com) SECTION A Question 1 (a) (b) (i) List and briefly explain the four components of the discipline of materials science and engineering in a linear relationship. [4] (ii) Using a flowchart, classify engineering materials, indicating the types of polymers. [5] The ionic radii and coordination number of NaCl is 0.414 -0.732 and 6 respectively. Using the data below, show that FeO has the structure of NaCl. [8] (c) Ion Ionic radius (cation/anion) (nm) Al3+ 0.053 Fe3+ 0.069 02- 0.140 CI- 0.181 F- 0.133 Fe2+ 0.077 Determine the Miller indices for the directions in the cubic unit cell shown below (Fig. Q1): [8] Figure Q1 Downloaded by Mothusi Mahlathini (mothusimothusi194@gmail.com) Question 2 (a) (b) T (i) List and briefly explain the six properties of solid materials. [6] (ii) Using a flowchart, classify metals and alloys. [6] BCC lithium has a lattice parameter of 3.5089 x 10-10 m and contains 200…arrow_forwardDefine and briefly elaborate terms listed below, support your elaboration with mathematical equations and illustrations where necessary: Concentration boundary layer, Viscous boundary layer and Thermal Boundary Layer. Diffusion equation, Laplace’s equation and Poisson’s Equation for rectangular coordinates. Analogy between heat and mass transfer. Prandtl, Schmidt, Lewis, Nusselt, and Sherwood number. Mole fraction of species and mass fraction of species. Critical radius of insulation related to heat transfer in pipes.arrow_forward
- two kinds of bacteria are found in a sample of tainted food. it is found that the population size of type 1, N1 and of type 2, N2 satisfy the equation dn/dt=-0.3/N1 dn/dt=0.4/N2 N1 is equal to 1500 at time equal to zero, while N2 is equal to 30 at time equal to zero. then the population sizes are equal N1 = N2 at what time? (4 decimal places)arrow_forwardIn the reaction A -> B, the plot of Ln[A] versus t resulted in a straight line with equation (Ln[A] = -0.08t + 1.2). What is the initial concentration of A? O 0.83 M 3.32 M 0.08 M 0.18 M D 1.2 M +ho follouina units recpond (s) tothe rate constant kof aarrow_forwardQ1: Ammonia is absorbed in water from a mixture with air using a column operating at atmospheric pressure and 295 K. The resistance to transfer can be regarded as lying entirely within the gas phase. At a point in the column, the partial pressure of the ammonia is 6.6 kN/m The back pressure at the water interface is negligible, and the resistance to transfer may be regarded as lying in a stationary gas film 1 mm thick. If the diffusivity of ammonia in air is 0.236 cm2 /s, what is the transfer rate per unit area at that point in the column?arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning