
(a)
Interpretation:
Reason for why alkali metals have high second ionization energy has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
First ionization energy: The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.
Second ionization energy: The minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a unipositive gaseous ion to form a dipositive ion in the ground state is known as second ionization energy.
The outer electronic configuration of Alkali metals is
(a)

Explanation of Solution
The outer electronic configuration of Alkali metals is
The energy level of the element is changed after removing an electron and the electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus in the lower level. So a huge amount of energy is needed to remove the second electron.
(b)
Interpretation:
Enthalpy of reaction per mole of
Concept Introduction:
The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Given data is shown below:
The heat obtained during the breaking down of
Heat released during the breaking down of two moles
Therefore,
Enthalpy of reaction per mole of
Enthalpy of reaction per mole of
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Loose Leaf for Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
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