Concept explainers
Videos
A.
To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
A.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD+ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.
Hence, the given statement is correct.
B.
To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
B.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
Hence, the given statement is incorrect.
C.
To explain: The given statement “The
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
C.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.
Hence, the given statement is correct.
D.
To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
D.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.
Hence, the given statement is correct.
E.
To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
E.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.
Hence, the given statement is incorrect.
F.
To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
F.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.
Hence, the given statement is correct.
G.
To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
G.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.
Hence, the given statement is incorrect.
H.
To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.
Concept introduction:
Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.
H.
Answer to Problem 12Q
Explanation of Solution
CO2 fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO2 is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.
Hence, the given statement is incorrect.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Essential Cell Biology (fifth Edition)
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