The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”. Concept introduction: Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 12Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Many, but not all, electron transfer reactions involve metal ions”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 8

A.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Answer 9

A.

Expert Solution

Answer 10

A.

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

It is not necessary that the compounds involved in electron transfer must contain metal ions. For example, ubiquinone and NAD⁺ are the compounds that do not contain metal ions; still they are involved in the electron transfer mechanisms.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 13

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 14

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 15

B.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Answer 16

B.

Expert Solution

Answer 17

B.

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the electrons are bound with the electron carriers, and they are not responsible for the generation of electric potential. The electric potential is generated by the protons that move from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 20

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 21

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 22

C.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Answer 23

C.

Expert Solution

Answer 24

C.

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

A pH difference and electric potential are the two important components present in the electron transport chain. These components will act as a driving force for the protons to flow back into the matrix and will provide more energy to the system.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 27

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 28

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 29

D.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Answer 30

D.

Expert Solution

Answer 31

D.

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are the electron carriers present in the electron transport system. Both of these electron carriers move very rapidly inside the membrane and hence they are diffusible electron carriers.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 34

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 35

E.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 36

E.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Answer 37

E.

Expert Solution

Answer 38

E.

Expert Solution

Answer 39

Expert Solution

Answer 40

Explanation of Solution

Chloroplasts are not present in all parts of the plant. Mitochondrion is required in all the plant cells to produce ATP where chloroplast is not present. The other important function of mitochondria is that it is the site of synthesis of cytosolic ATP in all plant cells.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 41

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 42

F.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Both chlorophyll and heme contain an extensive system of double bonds that allows them to absorb visible light”.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 43

F.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is correct.

Answer 44

F.

Expert Solution

Answer 45

F.

Expert Solution

Answer 46

Expert Solution

Answer 47

Explanation of Solution

The main function of the chlorophyll is to perform the photosynthesis reaction, which requires absorption of light. Heme is a molecule present in the blood due to which the blood is red in color. It has the ability to absorb the light in blue–green range.

Hence, the given statement is correct.

Answer 48

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 49

G.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of heme in mitochondrial electron transport.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 50

G.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Answer 51

G.

Expert Solution

Answer 52

G.

Expert Solution

Answer 53

Expert Solution

Answer 54

Explanation of Solution

Chlorophyll plays a very important role in the photosynthesis process. It has the ability to absorb the light energy and can transfer this light energy to the electron, which will move through the electron transport system. These electrons are carried away across the membrane by the electron carriers, and iron in heme is such an electron carrier.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 55

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.

Answer 56

H.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The given statement “Most of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals that are taken up by the roots.

Concept introduction:

Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell. The ATP is synthesized by the electron transport system present in the mitochondria. Plants contain both chlorophyll and mitochondria and through the process of photosynthesis taking place in the chloroplast, they prepare the food for them.

Answer 57

H.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 12Q

The given statement is incorrect.

Answer 58

H.

Expert Solution

Answer 59

H.

Expert Solution

Answer 60

Expert Solution

Answer 61

Explanation of Solution

CO₂ fixation takes place during photosynthesis. The carbon derived from this CO₂ is the reason for the most of the dry weight of the tree, and it is not by the minerals taken up by the roots.

Hence, the given statement is incorrect.