What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781464157745
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 14, Problem 12MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The average life span of a population is influenced by environmental factors and natural selection.
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Sexual reproduction provides an advantage to organisms because it increases the
A.
size of the genome of a species.
B.
genetic variability in a population.
C.
fitness of individual alleles of a gene.
D.
number of mutations during cell division.
Of the following, which is the least plausible hypothesis for why natural selection has not eliminated genes for male homosexuality? a. Perhaps the relatives of a homosexual male have more than an average number of children. b. Homosexual people might spread their genes by helping their brothers and sisters rear their children. c. Maybe there is no gene for homosexuality. Instead, an environmental event produces an epigenetic effect that can be transmitted from one generation to the next. d. Some homosexual men have children.
Which of the following statements is an evolutionary advantage of sex and sexual reproduction?
A. Sex and recombination results in decreased genetic variation in a population and maintains advantageous traits.
B. Sex and recombination can bring beneficial alleles together when producing offspring.
C. Sex and recombination results in the inheritance of all the genetic information available from both parents.
D. Reproduction is less risky when gametes from two individuals must fuse.
Chapter 14 Solutions
What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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Ch. 14 - Prob. 11SACh. 14 - Prob. 12SACh. 14 - Prob. 13SACh. 14 - Prob. 14SACh. 14 - Prob. 15SACh. 14 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14 - Prob. 4MCCh. 14 - Prob. 5MCCh. 14 - Prob. 6MCCh. 14 - Prob. 7MCCh. 14 - Prob. 8MCCh. 14 - Prob. 9MCCh. 14 - Prob. 10MCCh. 14 - Prob. 11MCCh. 14 - Prob. 12MCCh. 14 - Prob. 13MCCh. 14 - Prob. 14MCCh. 14 - Prob. 15MC
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- Which of the following is false? a. The color of a fruit fly's eyes is a trait. b. The instructions for producing a trait are found in a gene that controls the physical expression of that trait. c. A gene can have different alleles that can specify different traits, such as red or brown eye color. d. The trait is influenced by the gene, independent of the environment. e. By studying the patterns of traits over generations of an organism, the genetic composition of an organism can be deduced.arrow_forwardMutations cause variations among individuals. If these variations provide an advantage to individuals, then the resulting traits are known as adaptations. Which of the following statements about adaptations is incorrect? A. They are structural or physiological in nature. B. They modify the behaviour of organisms. C. They provide a selective advantage in any environment. D .They increase reproductive success of organisms.arrow_forward.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is correct regarding the process ofevolutionary change?a. an adapted individual is the one that survives and passes on itsgenes to offspring.b. changes in phenotype are passed on by way of the genotype tothe next generation.c. organisms are able to bring about a change in their phenotype.d. evolution is striving toward particular traits.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following individuals would be considered to have the greatest evolutionary fitness? a. Olympic speed skater with one child b. an overweight person with three children c. a woman who had six children, none of whom (the children) survived to adulthood d. a single mom who adopted eight childrenarrow_forwardAn organism has a relatively large number of Hox genes in its genome. Which of the following is true of this organism? Select one: А. Its Hox genes cooperate to bring about sexual maturity at the proper stage of development. В. Most of its Hox genes owe their existence to gene fusion events. С. The organism must have multiple paired appendages along the length of its body. D. These genes are fundamental, and are expressed in all cells of the organism. E. The organism has the genetic potential to have a relatively complex anatomy.arrow_forward
- Under a simple model, the evolution of asexual reproduction strategies will take over a population. The model relies on two assumptions. Which of the following are the assumptions? a. Reproductive mode does not affect how many offspring are produced by a female. b. Reproductive mode does not affect the sexual selection on males c. Reproductive mode does not affect the probability of offspring survival d. Both a. and b. e. Both a. and c.arrow_forwardIn the movie on rock pocket mice, what did the team discover about black colouration? Select the ONE BEST answer. a. Fur colouration is the result of a new adaptive behaviour where pocket mice rolled in lava dust to camouflage themselves. b. It is the result of the same, single mutation in all populations. C. Different mutations cause similar dark colouration in different populations. d. One specific mutation causes black or white fur depending on the population. e. Fur colouration is the result of dietary changes in different environments, not natural selection.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains the role mutations play in natural selection?A. Most mutations are negative and result in the extinction of the entire speciesB. Mutations may appear for one or two generations, but they usually disappear quickly.C. If the environment changes, an existing organism develops a mutation that will help them to survive.D. Some mutations give individuals an advantage in their environment, allowing them to survive and reproduce.D is my answer is it correct?arrow_forward
- Consider all of the species on earth. Some scientists believe that the genes for growth and reproduction have been under evolutionary forces for longer than those involved in maintenance and repair. Which statement below best supports their theory? a. Most species die after producing offspring. b. “Survival of the fittest” is true. c. Most animal species mate for life. d. Only the more intelligent organisms live long lives.arrow_forwardBackground: In class we did a project about m and m’s and there ability to evolve and natural selection. (Yes I know they can’t actually evolve it was just used as a example in class) however I can’t figure out this question. Occasionally a mutant may occur and produce a candy that is misshapen or Pointier or flatter than the rest. Often this proves to be a weakness, but a rare mutation may confer extra M&M durability. Other mutations in M&Ms could occur ( like ones that result in a new color). A mutant un you population represents a new _________. What goes in the blankarrow_forwardHox genes are activated in specific regions of the body (e.g. back of the head) and activate other genes to build specific structures in those regions. This was largely discovered by looking at the effects of mutants of the various hox genes. What other technique would provide information on the action of hox genes? Group of answer choices A. copy hox genes and place them in bacteria B. copy hox genes and place them in plants C. completely remove all hox genes from the genome D. change the control of hox genes so that they are expressed in different body regions E. reverse the order of the hox genes on the chromosomearrow_forward
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