Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 13.3, Problem 3CC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The diagrammatic representation of map of the stretch reflex using standard steps of a reflex pathway.
Introduction: Reflex actions are generated involuntarily in the body against stimuli. Information about such actions is processed, and accordingly the response action is done by the body in very short time. Reflex actions are generally seen in situations involving negative feedback.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 13.2 - List the general steps of a reflex pathway,...Ch. 13.2 - If a cell hyperpolarizes, does its membrane...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13.3 - Draw a reflex map of the flexion reflex initiated...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 5CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 6CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - The pathway pattern that brings information from...
Ch. 13 - When the axon terminal of a modulatory neuron...Ch. 13 - Autonomic reflexes are also called _____ reflexes....Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQCh. 13 - Prob. 11RQCh. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Prob. 15RQCh. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - At your last physical, your physician checked your...Ch. 13 - There are several theories about how presynaptic...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQ
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- a) Describe how the isolated muscle behaved as the interpulse interval was decreased progressively. b) Examine the table. Can you describe what happens to the frequency of stimulation when you decrease the interval between the pulses?arrow_forwardModified muscle fibers serving primarily to detect stretch are calledarrow_forwardA nerve conduction velocity test measures nerve conduction velocity. In this test, an electrical stimulus is applied to a peripheral nerve and the length of time it takes for the corresponding muscle to contract is measured. Because the length of the nerve from stimulus point to muscle and the time it takes for the muscle to contract are both known, NCV can be calculated. This test result is helpful in distinguishing between different types of pathologies. For example, a patient with muscle weakness is being tested by a physician. There are three possible sources of the weakness: Disease of the muscle itself such as muscular dystrophy. In this condition, normal muscle tissue is replaced by adipose tissue and the muscle becomes incapable of contraction. Disease at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) such as myasthenia gravis. This condition is described in the Skeletal Muscle Histology exercise and results from damage to the acetylcholine receptors on the muscle end plate. Disease…arrow_forward
- In a combination of excitatory or inhibitory synaptic connections the following is true it is poorly exemplified by the stretch reflex during a knee jerk in the stretch reflex circuit the biceps or flexor muscle gets activated in the stretch reflex circuit the quadriceps or extensor muscle gets activated an inhibitory interneuron inhibits the flexor motor neuron an inhibitory interneuron inhibits the extensor motor neuron motor neuronarrow_forwardDefine Hering-Breuer reflexarrow_forwardName the nerve that carries the sensory and motor axons for this reflex arc.arrow_forward
- *When dynamic y-motor neurons are activated at the same time as a-motor neurons to muscle, [A] prompt inhibition of discharge in spindle la afferents takes place. [B] clonus is likely to occur. [C] the muscle will not contract. [D] the number of impulses in spindle la afferents is smaller than when a discharge alone is increased. [E] the number of impulses in spindle la afferents is greater than when a discharge alone is increased.arrow_forwardContrast antagonistic control and tonic control of smooth muscles. Why are different receptor types important?arrow_forwardAn antibody has been isolated that binds to F-actin but not to G-actin. Whatstructural feature(s) of F-actin do you suppose the antibody binds (i.e., howis the antibody able to distinguish between these two forms of actin)?arrow_forward
- Absence of a tendon jerk could result from any of the following conditions, except :-a- lesions of supraspinal facilitatory centersb- lesions of the efferent neuronsc- lesions of the afferent neuronsd- lesions of the spinal nerve centersarrow_forwardThe group la afferents from intrafusal fibers are rapidly adapting and show low firing during the dynamic phase and increased firing while the stretch is maintained increased firing during the dynamic phase that is maintained while the stretch is maintained increased firing during the dynamic phase and reduced firing while stretch is maintained constant firing during the dynamic phase and while the stretch is maintainedarrow_forward4) You set up an experiment using an isolated mouse muscle-nerve preparation.a. Draw the force traces (used to measure the force of contraction using a force transducer) you wouldexpect to get if you stimulated the nerve at 3 different lengths: 1) slack, 2) the normal length of the musclein the body, and 3) stretched past a length the muscle could ever experience in a mouse. If the force tracesare different explain why. (Hint: refer back to the length-tension relationship)b. Draw the nerve signals you would record from a Group Ia muscle spindle afferent at each of those 3lengths. If the 3 conditions are different explain why. (Hint: refer back to the function of the musclespindlearrow_forward
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