CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323803677
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13.1, Problem 3CC
WHATIF? → A horticulturalist breeds orchids, trying to obtain a plant with a unique combination of desirable traits. After many years, she finally succeeds. To produce more plants llke this one, should she crosibreed it with another plant or clone it? Why?
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From an agricultural point of view, discuss the advantages and disadvantagesof selective breeding. It is common for plant breeders to take two different, highly inbred strains, which are the product of many generations of selective breeding, and cross them to make hybrids. How does this approach overcome some of the disadvantages of selective breeding?
. An allotetraploid species has a genome composed oftwo ancestral genomes, A and B, each of which havea basic chromosome number (x) of seven. In thisspecies, the two copies of each chromosome of eachancestral genome pair only with each other duringmeiosis. Resistance to a pathogen that attacks the foliage of the plant is controlled by a dominant allele atthe F locus. The recessive alleles Faand Fbconfersensitivity to the pathogen, but the dominant resistancealleles present in the two genomes have slightly different effects. Plants with at least one FAallele areresistant to races 1 and 2 of the pathogen regardlessof the genotype in the B genome, and plants with atleast one FBallele are resistant to races 1 and 3 of thepathogen regardless of the genotype in the A genome.What proportion of the self-progeny of an FA Fa FB Fbplant will be resistant to all three races of the pathogen?
the photos below show flowers from two Arabidopsisplants. The plant on the left is wild-type (unmutated); theother carries a mutation that causes its flowers to havesepals and petals instead of stamens and carpels. Themutation inactivated one of the plant's ABC floral identity genes. Refer to Figure 10.8 and decide which gene(A, B, or C) has been inactivated
Chapter 13 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
Ch. 13.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Using what you know of gene...Ch. 13.1 - How does an asexually reproducing eukaryotic...Ch. 13.1 - WHATIF? A horticulturalist breeds orchids, trying...Ch. 13.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Figure 13.4. how many DNA...Ch. 13.2 - VISUAL SKILLS In The karyotype shown in Figuro...Ch. 13.2 - WHAT IF? A certain eukaryote lives as a...Ch. 13.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Comparc tho chromosomes in a...Ch. 13.3 - WHAT IF? After the synaptonemal complex...Ch. 13.4 - What is the original source of Variation among the...Ch. 13.4 - The diploid number for fruit flies is 8, and the...
Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13 - Explain why human offifuing resemble their parents...Ch. 13 - Compare the life cycles of animals and plants,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.3CRCh. 13 - Prob. 13.4CRCh. 13 - A human cell containing 22 autosomes.and a Y...Ch. 13 - The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite...Ch. 13 - Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that (A)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 13 - If we continue to follow the cell lineage from...Ch. 13 - DRAW IT The diagram shows a cell in meiosis. (a)...Ch. 13 - Explain how you can tell that the cell in question...Ch. 13 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Many species can reproduce...Ch. 13 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The diagram in quest ion 6...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 13 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE For selected answers,...
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- What is mutation? Explain the significance of mutation in plant breeding. Give an example of a disease resistant variety of cultivated plant induced by mutation.arrow_forward. In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a geneticist is interested in the development of trichomes (small projections). A large screen turns up two mutant plants (A and B) that have no trichomes, and these mutants seem to be potentially useful in studying trichome development. (If they were determined by single-gene mutations, then finding the normal and abnormal functions of these genes would be instructive.) Each plant is crossed with wild type; in both cases, the next generation (F1) had normal trichomes. When F1 plants were selfed, the resulting F2’s were as follows: F2 from mutant A: 602 normal; 198 no trichomes F2 from mutant B: 267 normal; 93 no trichomesa. What do these results show? Include proposed genotypes of all plants in your answer. b. Under your explanation to part a, is it possible to confidently predict the F1 from crossing the original mutant A with the original mutant B?arrow_forward. Genomes A, B, and C all have basic chromosomenumbers (x) of nine. These genomes were derivedoriginally from plant species that had diverged from each other sufficiently far back in the evolutionarypast that the chromosomes from one genome can nolonger pair with the chromosomes from any other genome. For plants with the following kinds of euploidchromosome complements, (i) state the number ofchromosomes in the organism; (ii) provide terms thatdescribe the individual’s genetic makeup as accurately as possible; (iii) state whether or not it is likelythat this plant will be fertile, and if so, give the number of chromosomes (n) in the gametes.a. AABBCb. BBBBc. CCCd. BBCCe. ABCf. AABBCCarrow_forward
- Before, plant breeding was done by crossing the genes of two plants with desirable characteristics. This technique has been successful in producing improved varieties of crop plants, but it is time consuming and complicated. Because of genetic engineering, these problems can now be avoided. Plants are inserted with "super" genes to exhibit improved or better traits compared to their ordinary counterparts. These plants are therefore called transgenic plants. Plant Improved Quality or Characteristic 1. Rice Resistant to pests, drought, and insecticides 2. Grape 3. Рарaya 4. Corn 5. Orchid 6. Mangoarrow_forward3a)“Somatic hybridisation is preferable to genetic engineering and somaticvariation to improve a specific trait of a plant.” Comment this statement based on the principles of these approaches in improving the plants.arrow_forward. The two loci P and Bz are normally 36 m.u. apart on thesame arm of a certain plant chromosome. A paracentricinversion spans about one-fourth of this region butdoes not include either of the loci. What approximaterecombinant frequency between P and Bz would youpredict in plants that area. heterozygous for the paracentric inversion?b. homozygous for the paracentric inversion?arrow_forward
- Hybridization of a homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive plant was conducted. How many of 10,000,000 F2 progeny will have a fully heterozygous genotype?arrow_forwardWhen working on barley plants, two researchers independently identify a short-plant mutation and develop homozygous recessive lines of short plants. Careful measurements of the height of mutant short plants versus normal tall plants indicate that the two mutant lines have the same height. How would you determine if these two mutant lines carry mutation of the same gene or of different genes?arrow_forwardbioarrow_forward
- Vhich statement best explains why so many variations in coat colors exist? O Each coat color is the result of mutations that take place after the horse is born. The recombination of genes during meiosis results in offspring that exhibit a variety of coat colors. O Varying gene expression after fertilization leads to a variety of coat colors. O Recombination during mitosis leads to the expression of different coat colors as the horse develops.arrow_forwardPlease find the attachmentarrow_forwardHybridization of a homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive plant was conducted. What is the probability that the F2 progeny will have the both pink flowers and fruits?arrow_forward
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