Chapter 13.1, Problem 2CYL

Summary Introduction

To describe:

How the information is encoded in DNA and RNA and how information flows from DNA to RNA and to proteins.

Introduction:

DNA is the hereditary molecule of all the living and non-living cell. It is made of the polynucleotide chain carrying the genetic information or “gene”. The nucleotides are made up of a ribose sugar attached to a nucleic acid base. The nucleic acids present in DNA are; thymine (T), adenine (A), cytosine (C) and guanine (G). DNA can be single-stranded or double-stranded. Similarly, RNA is also a hereditary molecule in some viruses and other organisms. It may be single or double-stranded. RNA is also assembled as a chain of nucleotides. The nucleotides are made up of a ribose sugar attached to a nucleic acid base. The nucleic acids present in RNA are; adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).