Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 8CYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The term “receptor potential of the nervous system” is associated with sensory transduction. Sensory transduction begins at the sensory receptor. The temporary depolarization occurring in the axoplasm because of the opening of mechanically gated Na+ (sodium ions) channels produces receptor potential.
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Once the gated channels are open and positive ions begin to enter the neuron,we have the start of a(n)
A.stimulus
B.resting potential
C.a reaction
D.impulse
What is/are true statements about Action Potentials? Select all that apply.
Group of answer choices:
A. action potentials propagate down axons
B. information is coded through the frequency of action potentials
C. action potentials are slower in myelinated axons
D. action potentials vary depending on the strength of the stimulus
Post synaptic neurons membrane potentials are less negative than resting membrane potentials when this occur
A. Creates a new set point for the resting membrane potential
B. Has a lower propensity to produce an action potential
C. Reacts by generating action potential
D. Higher chance of reaching the potential threshold
Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 13.1 - What two subclasses make up the sensory division...Ch. 13.1 - 2. What is a lower motor neuron? How are upper...Ch. 13.1 - In what ways do the somatic and visceral motor...Ch. 13.1 - What structures are found in a peripheral nerve?Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 5QCCh. 13.1 - Prob. 6QCCh. 13.1 - How are sensations detected in the PNS and...Ch. 13.1 - 8. How are motor impulses transmitted from the...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 13.2 - List the Roman numeral, origins, destinations, and...
Ch. 13.2 - List the Roman numeral, origins, destinations, and...Ch. 13.2 - List the 12 pairs of cranial nerves in ascending...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 5QCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1QCCh. 13.3 - What are the anterior and posterior rami, and what...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3QCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 4QCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 6QCCh. 13.4 - 1. What is sensory transduction?
Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 13.4 - 3. What are the three components of a typical...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 13.4 - What is the two-point discrimination threshold,...Ch. 13.4 - What is a dermatome?Ch. 13.4 - 7. Why is visceral pain often perceived as...Ch. 13.5 - 1. What are the main differences between an upper...Ch. 13.5 - 2. What is a motor neuron pool?
Ch. 13.5 - What is the general sequence of events for...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 1QCCh. 13.6 - 2. How do intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 3QCCh. 13.6 - 4. How do Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles...Ch. 13.6 - How do polysynaptic and monosynaptic reflex arcs...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 6QCCh. 13.6 - What are some potential effects of sensory...Ch. 13.6 - How do upper and lower motor neuron disorders...Ch. 13 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2CYRCh. 13 - 3. Define each of the following terms in your own...Ch. 13 - First, write the Roman numeral that corresponds to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 13 - Match the following nerves with the structures...Ch. 13 - First-order somatic sensory neurons are...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8CYRCh. 13 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 13 - 10. Merkel cell fibers, tactile corpuscles,...Ch. 13 - 11. Place the following sequence of events for the...Ch. 13 - How do upper and lower motor neurons differ?Ch. 13 - 13. List and describe the basic steps involved in...Ch. 13 - 14. The lower motor neurons that innervate...Ch. 13 - Fill in the blanks:______ detect the degree to...Ch. 13 - Which of the following is the correct order of...Ch. 13 - 17. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18CYRCh. 13 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 13 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 13 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 13 - Prob. 1AYKACh. 13 - Jason presents for evaluation after a severe...Ch. 13 - 3. When Mr. Williams goes to the emergency...Ch. 13 - 4. Maria is a 3-year-old who has been diagnosed...Ch. 13 - Another feature of CIPA is anhidrosis, or the...
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- What is/are true statements about Action Potentials? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices: A. action potentials propagate down axons B. nformation is coded through the frequency of action potentials C. action potentials are slower in myelinated axons D. action potentials vary depending on the strength of the stimulusarrow_forwardThe process by which receptors covert a stimulus into a graded potential is known as: which of the following is correct? A. Transmission B. Receptor potential C. Transduction D. Action potentialarrow_forwardDuring the action potential, which of the following activity is LIKELY to occur? Select one: a. Na+ channels open at the beginning of the action potential, and Na+ moves into the axon b. Na+ channel passages become smaller and get retracted at the beginning of the action potential c. Na+ channels are less active and static throughout the action potential process d. less Na+ is pumped to the axon when the action potential is triggeredarrow_forward
- Which of the following changes to an action potential indicates a larger stimulus? a. Increased frequency b. Increased wavelength c. Increased amplitude d. Increased speedarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.) Action potential occur only when the surface of the neuron is myelinated, but graded potentials occur in both in both myelinated and non-myelinated neurons. b.) The magnitude of action potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas graded potentials are all or none. c.) The magnitude of graded potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas action potentials are all or none.arrow_forwardWhen a very strong stimulus initiates an action potential, the response is: I. a longer-duration action potential II. a higher amplitude action potential III. an increased rate of action potentials I and II OI and III II and III || a longer-duration action potentialarrow_forward
- Which of the following is a correct statement of the all-or-none principle? Select one: U a. A hyperpolarized membrane always results in the production of an action potential b. When a stimulus is applied, it triggers an action potential in the membrane O C. Action potentials occur in all neurons if a stimulus is applied that lowers the membrane potential d. A given stimulus either triggers a typical action potential or does not produce one at allarrow_forwardDescribe the passage of information through the nervous system using a specific example.Be sure to include in detail: A.The collection of stimuli at the sense organ and receptors involved as well as graded potential. B.The passing of the impulse along ascending pathways. C.Location in the brain that processes the information. D.Sending out motor information from brain. E.The passing of the impulse down descending pathways. F.Response by a skeletal muscle.arrow_forwardTonic receptors a.are fast-adapting. b.do not fire continuously to a sustained stimulus. c.produce action potentials at a greater frequency as the generator potential is increased. d.are described by all of these.arrow_forward
- The two primary factors that influence the speed of an action potential propagation are axon diameter and a. myelination. b. the type of associated glial cell(s). c. concentration of K+ in the cell. d. the length of the axon.arrow_forwardDetermine whether each statement is true or false. If a statement is false, explain why. A. Voltage gated sodium channels are quick to open and slow to close, while voltage gated potassium channels are quick to open and slow to close. 6. Before a second action potential can be generated, the concentration of sodium and potassium on either side of the cell membrane must be fully restored. C. The strength of an action potential is represented by the amplitude of the wave. A stronger stimulus will generate an action potential with a higher peak than a weaker stimulus. D.. Action potentials travel in a non-decremental manner down the axon, with the voltage constantly being regenerated along the way, unlike graded potentials which quickly diminish over short distances. E. Contiguous conduction is faster than saltatory conduction. F. Action potentials originate in the axon hillock and travel down the axon to the terminal boutons (pre-synaptic axon terminals).arrow_forwardA. Is an action potential more or less likely when the consumption of the Fugu toxin and is stimulated with a neuron with a supra-threshold stimulus? B. Which (flaccid or tonic) is the result in this case? What would be the associated physical symptoms of this condition? C. Briefly describe the pharmacological/clinical/commercial uses of this toxin and its derivatives.arrow_forward
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