Human Biology Custom Edition
Human Biology Custom Edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337631532
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which cocaine may affect mental functioning.

Introduction: The controlling and communication center of human body is known as brain. The brain receives, evaluates, and processes several inputs, and manages the action and initiates the response. There are various voluntary and involuntary activities that occur in the body to maintain the homeostasis. Neurotransmitters help in the conduction of impulses at the junction of two neurons. Neurotransmitters are essential signal molecules that transmit information sent by the brain and spinal cord to other neurons, muscle fibers, or other gland cells.

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In PET scans, red areas are brain regions that are most active, while blue, yellow, and green areas are least active. Figure 13.24 shows PET scans of normal brain activity (left) and (right) of the brain of a person while using cocaine. The frontal lobes of the brain hemispheres are toward the top of the scans. Their neurons play major roles in reasoning and other intellectual functions. Looking at these scan images, how do you suppose cocaine may affect mental functioning?
Epilepsy Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that disrupts neural activities and causes recurrent seizures. About 70% of people with epilepsy can be treated with medication to prevent seizures from occurring. If medication does not work, surgery is an option for some patients. One of the procedures involves cutting the brain so that the seizures cannot be spread to other parts of the brain. An individual was suffering from violent headaches and blurred vision for several years. A doctor determined that this individual had a tumour on the anterior pituitary. Explain why this person was experiencing blurred vision.
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that disrupts neural activities and causes recurrent seizures. About 70% of people with epilepsy can be treated with medication to prevent seizures from occurring. If medication does not work, surgery is an option for some patients. One of the procedures involves cutting the brain so that the seizures cannot be spread to other parts of the brain.  A common goal of the surgical procedure to treat epileptic seizures is to reduce the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain. By cutting through this structure, an epileptic seizure occurring on one side of the brain will not be spread to the other side. Identify the structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
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