Concept explainers
Introduction: Molecules that are formed from the transcription of DNAs but do not get translated to proteins are called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). nRNAs affect gene expression. Examples of ncRNAs that are involved in epigenetics are miRNAs, piRNAs and siRNAs.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: DNA and RNA both bind to an ncRNA through base pairing. Hence, the correct answer is option e.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Many different functions are carried out by ncRNAs because they have the ability to bind with many different types of molecules, such as DNA, other mRNAs, proteins or other small molecules. ncRNAs can affect different processes, such as
Option e. is given as “both a and b”.
The types of molecules that could bind to an ncRNA through base pairing are DNA and RNA. Hence, the correct answer is option e.
Reasons for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “DNA”.
ncRNAs affect gene expression by binding to different molecules, such as DNA, mRNA, proteins, and small molecules. They play a very important role in affecting transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. On binding to DNA molecules, ncRNAs may affect DNA replication, transcription, and translation. This is possible through complementary base pairing of ncRNAs with DNA strands. However, ncRNAs bind to both RNAs and DNAs. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “RNA”.
By binding to different molecules, such as DNA, mRNA, proteins, and small molecules, ncRNAs affect gene expression. Transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulation occurs as a result of this binding. Binding of ncRNAs to other mRNAs is possible through complementary base pairing. However, ncRNAs bind to both DNAs and RNAs. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “protein”.
ncRNAs bind to different molecules such as DNA, mRNA, proteins and small molecules. They play a very important role in affecting transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. Binding of ncRNAs with proteins does not occur by the process of complementary base pairing as proteins do not have bases. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “small molecule”.
Small molecules bind to ncRNAs and help in maintaining transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. Binding of ncRNAs with small molecules does not occur by the process of complementary base pairing as small molecules do not have bases. Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., b., c., and d. are incorrect.
Thus, DNA and RNA both bind to ncRNA through base pairing to carry out regulation of transcription, translation, and epigenetic modifications.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology
- Artificial Selection: Explain how artificial selection is like natural selection and whether the experimental procedure shown in the video could be used to alter other traits. Why are quail eggs useful for this experiment on selection?arrow_forwardDon't give AI generated solution otherwise I will give you downwardarrow_forwardHello, Can tou please help me to develope the next topic (in a esquematic format) please?: Function and Benefits of Compound Microscopes Thank you in advance!arrow_forward
- Identify the AMA CPT assistant that you have chosen. Explain your interpretation of the AMA CPT assistant. Explain how this AMA CPT assistant will help you in the future.arrow_forwardwhat is the difference between drug education programs and drug prevention programsarrow_forwardWhat is the formula of Evolution? Define each item.arrow_forward
- Define the following concepts from Genetic Algorithms: Mutation of an organism and mutation probabilityarrow_forwardFitness 6. The primary theory to explain the evolution of cooperation among relatives is Kin Selection. The graph below shows how Kin Selection theory can be used to explain cooperative displays in male wild turkeys. B When paired, subordinant males increase the reproductive success of their solo, dominant brothers. 0.9 C 0 Dominant Solo EVOLUTION Se, Box 13.2 © 2023 Oxford University Press rB rB-C Direct Indirect Fitness fitness fitness gain Subordinate 19 Fitness After A. H. Krakauer. 2005. Nature 434: 69-72 r = 0.42 Subordinant Dominant a) Use Hamilton's Rule to show how Kin Selection can support the evolution of cooperation in this system. Show the math. (4 b) Assume that the average relatedness among male turkeys in displaying pairs was instead r = 0.10. Could kin selection still explain the cooperative display behavior (show math)? In this case, what alternative explanation could you give for the behavior? (4 pts) 7. In vampire bats (pictured below), group members that have fed…arrow_forwardExamine the following mechanism and classify the role of each labeled species in the table below. Check all the boxes that applyarrow_forward
- 1. Define and explain the two primary evolutionary consequences of interspecific competitionarrow_forward2 A linear fragment of DNA containing the Insulin receptor gene is shown below, where boxes represent exons and lines represent introns. Assume transcription initiates at the leftmost EcoRI site. Sizes in kb are indicated below each segment. Vertical arrows indicate restriction enzyme recognition sites for Xbal and EcoRI in the Insulin receptor gene. Horizontal arrows indicate positions of forward and reverse PCR primers. The Horizontal line indicates sequences in probe A. Probe A EcoRI Xbal t + XbaI + 0.5kb | 0.5 kb | 0.5 kb | 0.5kb | 0.5 kb | 0.5 kb | 1.0 kb EcoRI On the gel below, indicate the patterns of bands expected for each DNA sample Lane 1: EcoRI digest of the insulin receptor gene Lane 2: EcoRI + Xbal digest of the insulin receptor gene Lane 3: Southern blot of the EcoRI + Xbal digest insulin receptor gene probed with probe A Lane 4: PCR of the insulin receptor cDNA using the primers indicated Markers 6 5 4 1 0.5 1 2 3 4arrow_forward4. (10 points) woman. If both disease traits are X-linked recessive what is the probability A man hemizygous for both hemophilia A and color blindness mates with a normal hemophilia A nor colorblindness if the two disease genes show complete that a mating between their children will produce a grandson with neither a. linkage? (5 points) that a mating between their children will produce a grandson with both hemophilia A and colorblindness if the two disease genes map 40 cM apart? (5 points)arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education