Tutorials in Introductory Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780130970695
Author: Peter S. Shaffer, Lillian C. McDermott
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 1.3, Problem 1cT
Consider the change in velocity vector between two points on the velocity diagram that are not consecutive. e.g., points 1 and 4.
Is the direction of the change in velocity vector different than it was for consecutive Points? Explain.
Is the length of the change in velocity vector different than it was tor consecutive points? If so, how many times larger or smaller is it than the corresponding vector for consecutive points? Explain.
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
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Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - Each person in your group should obtain a ruler...Ch. 1.1 - A. In the space below, sketch a possible ticker...Ch. 1.1 - B. Together with your classmates, take your ticker...Ch. 1.1 - C. Based on your observations of your tape segment...
Ch. 1.1 - D. Review your earlier interpretation of the speed...Ch. 1.1 - E. Suppose you selected two widely separated dots...Ch. 1.2 - The computer program assumes a particular...Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - How are the motions in parts C and D similar? How...Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion: Move toward the detector...Ch. 1.2 - How do the acceleration graphs for F, G, and H...Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion: Initially move away from...Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - Description of Motion:Ch. 1.2 - The term decelerate is often used to indicate that...Ch. 1.3 - Draw vectors on your diagram that represent the...Ch. 1.3 - B. In the space at right, compare the velocities...Ch. 1.3 - Consider the change in velocity vector between two...Ch. 1.3 - Use the definition of acceleration to draw a...Ch. 1.3 - Does the acceleration change as the ball rolls up...Ch. 1.3 - Generalize your results thus far to answer the...Ch. 1.3 - Choose two successive points. In the space at...Ch. 1.3 - In the space at right, draw a vector to represent...Ch. 1.3 - Choose a point before the turnaround and another...Ch. 1.3 - Suppose that you had chosen the turnaround as one...Ch. 1.3 - In the space at right, draw a vector that...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1aTCh. 1.4 - If you were to choose a different origin for the...Ch. 1.4 - On a separate part of your paper, copy the...Ch. 1.4 - Suppose you were to choose a new point on the...Ch. 1.4 - On a separate part of your paper, copy the...Ch. 1.4 - Suppose the object started from rest at point E...Ch. 1.4 - At several points on each of the diagrams below,...Ch. 1.5 - The second diagram at right shows the positions of...Ch. 1.5 - The picture of the spaceships and shuttle from the...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 1cTCh. 1.5 - Spaceship C moves so as to remain a fixed distance...Ch. 1.5 - Consider the following statement: "The...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 1fTCh. 1.5 - Describe the motion of the car and the truck...Ch. 1.5 - Complete the diagram at right by drawing the car...Ch. 1.5 - Use your completed diagram to sketch average...Ch. 1.5 - During a small time interval t from just before to...
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- Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation pV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, pV = constant. T One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. In this problem, you…arrow_forward■ Review | Constants A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas). Part A The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in temperature. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ AT = Submit Request Answer Part B ? K Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change. AT = Π ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback ? K Nextarrow_forward4. I've assembled the following assortment of point charges (-4 μC, +6 μC, and +3 μC) into a rectangle, bringing them together from an initial situation where they were all an infinite distance away from each other. Find the electric potential at point "A" (marked by the X) and tell me how much work it would require to bring a +10.0 μC charge to point A if it started an infinite distance away (assume that the other three charges remains fixed). 300 mm -4 UC "A" 0.400 mm +6 UC +3 UC 5. It's Friday night, and you've got big party plans. What will you do? Why, make a capacitor, of course! You use aluminum foil as the plates, and since a standard roll of aluminum foil is 30.5 cm wide you make the plates of your capacitor each 30.5 cm by 30.5 cm. You separate the plates with regular paper, which has a thickness of 0.125 mm and a dielectric constant of 3.7. What is the capacitance of your capacitor? If you connect it to a 12 V battery, how much charge is stored on either plate? =arrow_forward
- Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation pV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV T = constant. One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. In this problem, you…arrow_forwardA-e pleasearrow_forwardTwo moles of carbon monoxide (CO) start at a pressure of 1.4 atm and a volume of 35 liters. The gas is then compressed adiabatically to 1/3 this volume. Assume that the gas may be treated as ideal. Part A What is the change in the internal energy of the gas? Express your answer using two significant figures. ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ AU = Submit Request Answer Part B Does the internal energy increase or decrease? internal energy increases internal energy decreases Submit Request Answer Part C ? J Does the temperature of the gas increase or decrease during this process? temperature of the gas increases temperature of the gas decreases Submit Request Answerarrow_forward
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