Chapter 13, Problem 13.145P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The empirical and molecular formula of tartaric acid is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The empirical formula of a chemical compound is the simplest positive integer ratio of the atoms that are present in the compound. It may or may not be the same as that of the molecular formula. For example, the empirical formula of sulfur dioxide is $\text{SO}$.

The molecular formula is the chemical formula that indicates the total number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not their spatial arrangement. For example, the molecular formula of sulphur dioxide is ${\text{SO}}_2$.

The formula to calculate the change in freezing point is as follows:

  $\Delta T_{\text{f}}=i{k}_{\text{f}}m$        (1)

Here,

$\Delta T_{\text{f}}$ is the change in freezing point.

$i$ is van’t Hoff factor.

$k_{\text{f}}$ is the freezing point depression constant.

$m$ is the molality of the solution.

The formula to calculate the molality of the solution is as follows:

  $\text{Molality}\left(m\right)\text{of solution}=\frac{\text{amount}\left(\text{mol}\right)\text{of solute}}{\text{mass}\left(\text{kg}\right)\text{of solvent}}$        (2)