Organic Chemistry
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021558
Author: Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.11P
Benzene, toluene, and p-xylene (BTX) are often added to gasoline to boost octane ratings. What would be observed if a mixture of these three compounds were subjected to GC–MS analysis? How many peaks would be present in the gas chromatogram? What would be the relative order of the peaks? What molecular ions would be observed in the mass spectra?
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There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS).
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SCa, arb. units
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A mixture of 0.568 M H₂O, 0.438 M Cl₂O, and 0.710 M HClO are enclosed in a vessel at 25 °C.
H₂O(g) + C₁₂O(g) = 2 HOCl(g)
K = 0.0900 at 25°C
с
Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each gas at 25 °C.
[H₂O]=
[C₁₂O]=
[HOCI]=
M
Σ
M
Chapter 13 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 13 - What is the mass of the molecular ion formed from...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.2PCh. 13 - Use the following information to propose a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.4PCh. 13 - What molecular ions would you expect for the...Ch. 13 - The mass spectrum of 2,3-dimethylpentane also...Ch. 13 - The base peak in the mass spectrum of 2, 2,...Ch. 13 - (a) What mass spectral fragments are formed by ...Ch. 13 - What cations are formed in the mass spectrometer...Ch. 13 - The low-resolution mass spectrum of an unknown...
Ch. 13 - Benzene, toluene, and p-xylene BTX are often added...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.12PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.13PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.14PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.15PCh. 13 - How do the IR spectra of the isomers cyclopentane...Ch. 13 - Problem 13.17 How do the three isomers of...Ch. 13 - Problem 13.18 What functional groups are...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.19 What are the major IR absorptions in...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.20 What are the major IR absorptions in...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.21 Which of the following possible...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.22 Propose structures consistent with...Ch. 13 - 13.23 What major IR absorptions are present above ...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.24 The mass spectrum of the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.25PCh. 13 - Which compound gives a molecular ion at m/z= 122,...Ch. 13 - Propose two molecular formulas for each molecular...Ch. 13 - Propose four possible structures for a hydrocarbon...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.29 What is the molecular formula for...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.30 Propose a molecular formula for rose...Ch. 13 - 13.31 Match each structure to its mass spectrum
Ch. 13 - 13.32 Propose two possible structures for a...Ch. 13 - 13.33 What cations are formed in the mass...Ch. 13 - 13.34 and have the same molecular ion in the...Ch. 13 - 13.35 For each compound, assign likely...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.36PCh. 13 - 13.37 Propose a structure consistent with each...Ch. 13 - 13.38 A low-resolution mass spectrum of the...Ch. 13 - 13.39 Primary alcohols often show a peak in their...Ch. 13 - 13.40 Like alcohols, ethers undergo α cleavage by...Ch. 13 - 13.41 Which of the highlighted bonds absorbs at...Ch. 13 - 13.42 What major IR absorptions are present above ...Ch. 13 - 13.43 How would each of the following pairs of...Ch. 13 - 13.44 Morphine, heroin, and oxycodone are three...Ch. 13 - 13.45 Reduction of cyclohex-2-enone can yield...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.46PCh. 13 - 13.47 Match each compound to its IR spectrum
Ch. 13 - 13.48 Propose possible structures consistent with...Ch. 13 - A chiral hydrocarbon X exhibits a molecular ion at...Ch. 13 - 13.50 A chiral compound has a strong absorption...Ch. 13 - 13.51 Treatment of benzoic acid with followed by...Ch. 13 - 13.52 Treatment of benzaldehyde with in aqueous ...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.53PCh. 13 - 13.54 Reaction of 2-methylpropanoic acid with ...Ch. 13 - 13.55 Reaction of pentanoyl chloride with lithium...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.56PCh. 13 - 13.57 Treatment of anisole with and forms P,...Ch. 13 - 13.58 Reaction of with forms compound ,...Ch. 13 - Problem-13.59 The carbonyl absorption of an amide...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.60PCh. 13 - Problem-13.61 Explain why a ketone carbonyl...Ch. 13 - 13.62 Oxidation of citronellol, a constituent of...
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