Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 11TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The adrenal gland is divided into a cortex on the outer side and a medulla toward the inside. Both of these parts of the endocrine gland secrete different hormones, namely adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone.
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Which of the following statements about steroid and non-steroid hormones is false?a. Non-steroid hormones typically act through second messengers such as cAMP.b. Non-steroid hormones are not lipid soluble and cannot enter the target cell.c. Steroid hormones act usually slower than non-steroid hormones.d. Cortisol and aldosterone are non-steroid hormones that are produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland
The secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
from the
adrenal medulla is stimulated by
a. adrenocorticotropic hormone.
b. increased levels of growth hormone.
C. sympathetic nerve innervation.
d. increased levels of glucose in body fluids
Which is the following is an example of the nervous system directly interacting with the endocrine system?
a. The secretion of cortisol early in the morning
b. The continuous secretion of thyroid hormone
c. The secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine during the fight or flight response
d. The secretion of insulin after a meal
Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 13 -
1. Why do you think that endocrine disruptors...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2QCCh. 13 - List the functions of the six hormones secreted by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2CRCh. 13 - Prob. 3CRCh. 13 -
4. Define when you would call a norepinephrine a...Ch. 13 - Explain why a 30-year-old short person cannot be...Ch. 13 - Describe the function of the two hormones from the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7CRCh. 13 - Prob. 8CR
Ch. 13 - Prob. 9CRCh. 13 - Prob. 10CRCh. 13 - _________ hormones enter target cells and bind to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2TYCh. 13 - Prob. 3TYCh. 13 - Which two hormones most directly regulate...Ch. 13 - All of the following represent hormone pairs with...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6TYCh. 13 - Prob. 7TYCh. 13 - Prob. 8TYCh. 13 - Prob. 9TYCh. 13 - Prob. 10TYCh. 13 - Prob. 11TYCh. 13 -
12. Which of the following statements about...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13TYCh. 13 - Prob. 14TYCh. 13 - Which of the following would be triggered by a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 13 - Explain why an injection of epinephrine to combat...Ch. 13 - From what you read in section 13.5 draw the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 13 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 13 - A student finishes up the fall semester with...
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- Which hormones produced in the posterior and anterior lobes of the pituitary gland have the targets indicated? Below, fill in the blanks using the abbreviations noted in Section 15.3.arrow_forwardMost of the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary perform what function? a. regulate growth b. regulate the sleep cycle c. regulate production of other hormones d. regulate blood volume and blood pressurearrow_forwardUnder which of the following conditions would you expect an increase in antidiuretic hormone secretion? a. An individual ingests excess water. b. The posterior pituitary is removed from an individual because of a tumor. c. An individual is rescued after three days in the desert without food or water. d. An individual with normal kidneys is producing a large volume of urine.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about hormones is not correct? A. The persistance of a hormone in the blood is usually of short duration.B. The time required for the onset of hormonal effects can vary C. Organ responses to hormones occur as soon as receptors are bound. D. The duration of hormone action is variable.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a process that leads to Cushing's syndrome? Select one: A. Tumors of the adrenal gland B. Ectopic ADH secretion from small cell lung cancer C. Long-term use of glucocorticoids D. Tumors of the anterior pituitary E. Excessive ACTH productionarrow_forwardThe secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from theadrenal medulla is stimulated bya. adrenocorticotropic hormone.b. increased levels of growth hormone.c. sympathetic nerve innervation.d. increased levels of glucose in body fluidsarrow_forward
- What are the two hormones released from the posterior pituitary? a. mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid b. luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone c. epinephrine and norepinephrine d. oxytocin and vasopressin When mechanical force is absorbed by a sensory receptor, the energy is transduced into a local depolarization or hyperpolarization that can be large or small depending on the strength of the stimulus. What is this called? a. an opponent process b. an action potential c. a graded receptor potential d. conscious awareness of sensationarrow_forwardWhich of the following release a hormone that tells the adrenal cortex to release cortisol? a. hypothalamus b. anterior pituary c. posterior pituitaryarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the cause of toxic goiter? Select one: A. Insufficient intake of iodine B. Excessive TSH release from the pituitary C. Insufficient production of thyroid hormones D. Production of autoantibodies that stimulate the TSH receptor E. Excessive TRH release from the hypothalamus Oarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding the adrenal gland is true?a. The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland torelease acetylcholine.b. The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to releaseepinephrine.c. The sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland torelease acetylcholine.d. The sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to releaseepinephrinearrow_forwardCortisol's permissive effects on epinephrine and norepinephrine.... a. are primarily acting to maintain blood pressure homeostasis b. are primarily acting to upregulate adrenergic receptors c. are primarily acting to increase heart rate d. cortisol does not act permissively on norepinephrine and epinephrine e. are primarily acting to maintain blood glucose concentrationsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about epinephrine and cortisol is CORRECT? Select one: a. They trigger an inflammatory response. b. They are water soluble hormones. c. They promote adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion. d. The plasma half-life of epinephrine is longer than cortisol. e. They increase blood glucose levels.arrow_forward
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