Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 10SQ
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium is where the population is non-evolving and does not carry any mutation. In a Hardy-Weinberg, the number of gene frequencies is equal to 1. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has several assumptions to hold true.
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Which of the following is/are assumptions made under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle?
A. Mutations are introduced into the gene pool at a regular frequency.
B. New alleles may be introduced to the population by migration.
C. Gametes combine at random.
D. The fittest individuals in a population are most likely to reproduce.
E. Allele frequencies change at random from one generation to the next.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Select one:
a. Genetic drift is more likely to occur in a small population.
b. Random mating occurs when individuals pair by chance.
c. The dominant allele is always the most common allele in the gene pool.
d. Evolution can be detected by noting a deviation from a Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the effects of genetic drift on a population?
a.
Populations of the same size will follow the same evolutionary trajectory when evolving due to drift.
b.
Genetic drift has the potential to drive evolution in all populations.
c.
Allele frequencies in a population of infinite size will ultimately drift to fixation or loss.
d.
The loss of otters in California due to excessive hunting cause a founder effect.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
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- Assuming a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, an increase in the frequency of the p(A) allele from 0.6 to 0.9 would result in which of the following outcomes? a. A decrease in the number of homozygous dominant individuals within the population b. A decrease in the number of homozygous recessive individuals within the population c. An increase in the number of homozygous recessive individuals within the population d. An increase in the number of heterozygotes within the population e. No change in genotypic frequency within the populationarrow_forwardWhich of the following populations is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a. A population with 23 homozygous recessive individuals (yy), 7 homozygous dominant individuals (YY), and 4 heterozygous individuals (Yy) b. A population that receives new individuals from a normally distant population. c. q + p = 1 d. A population in which the allele frequencies do not change over timearrow_forwardYou are examining population genetics of aquatic iguanas that live on the Galapagos islands. When you go to visit, you notice that the iguanas can easily swim to close neighboring islands but would have swim very long distances to reach further islands. Which of the following statements is a likely conclusion from your research? a. Populations are less similar the closer the islands are to each other. b. The further the islands likely have the greatest genetic diversity. c. Larger islands always have the lowest heterozygosity. d. Smaller populations on very small islands exhibit greater population differentiation.arrow_forward
- Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forwardIn a given population on a distant planet, there are 20 red, 25 orange, and 15 yellow creatures. Use Hardy-Weinberg equations and a chi square analysis to determine whether or not this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Show all work. Be sure to state a null hypothesis and explain your conclusion.arrow_forwardPopulation genetics is the study of: a. how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time b. the genetic basis of population-wide traits c. whether traits have a genetic basis d. the degree of inbreeding in a populationarrow_forward
- Suppose that recessive deleterious allele is found to be much less common than its predicted equilibrium frequency, based on the selection coefficient and mutation rate measured in modern populations. Which of the following is the best explanation for this? Note that, when selection or mutation rates change, it may take hundred of generations for population to reach its new equilibrium. A. Selection against the allele was weaker in the past than today B. Mutation rates were higher in the past C. Heterozygote advantage in some environments D. Increases lifespans have made the allele more deleterious now than it was in the Please answer asap and in short and content should not be palgarised pleasearrow_forwardAll of the following are causes for evolutionary concern in small populations, EXCEPT: a. Unmasking of deleterious alleles. b. Natural selection can be overwhelmed by drift, and thus cannot counterbalance the effects. c. Random fixation of deleterious alleles is more likely to occur in small populations. d. Homozygosity decreases more rapidly in smaller populations compared to larger populations.arrow_forwardWhen taking the question, it would appear as: Consider global warming, a continual gradual increase in average temperatures. How might you expect this to affect natural selection? A.environmental changes are unpredictable, and natural selection is a random process, so it is difficult to predict outcome B.species from warmer climates are likely to expand their ranges into higher latitudes C.traits that increase reproductive success under warmer temperatures are likely to increase in frequency in a population D.the stress caused by higher temperatures will increase mutation ratesarrow_forward
- What is true of populations that are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. Organisms are constantly migrating. b. Mating is random. c. The populations must be very small. d. Natural selection is occurring.arrow_forwardWhen a population is in mutational equilibrium, which of the following is true?a. The number of forward mutations is greater than the number of reverse mutations.b. No forward or reverse mutations occur.c. The number of forward mutations is equal to the number of reverse mutations.d. The population is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.arrow_forwardThe following are necessary for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium except The following are necessary for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium except A, no selection B. very large population C. non-random mating D. no gene flow E. no mutationarrow_forward
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