The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H 2 SO 4 in heat are to be determined. Concept Introduction: The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

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Every chemist knows to ‘add acid to water with constant stirring’ when diluting a concentrated acid in order to keep the solution from spewing boiling acid all over the place. Explain how this one fact is enough to prove that strong acids and water do not form ideal solutions.

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

Answer 6

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Answer 7

Chapter 12.9, Problem 21CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major and minor products of the reaction of tertiary alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid H2SO4 in heat are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids usually results in a dehydration reaction, which is the loss of water molecules from the reactant. This dehydration of alcohol usually results in the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of cyclopentanol with Tosyl chloride followed by a reaction with sodium ethoxide is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Tosyl chloride on reacting with alcoholic groups forms tosylates, which protects the alcoholic group and is a second substrate. It facilitates further reactions in which the otherwise open alcoholic group would hinder the rate and yield of the reactions.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2ATS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 9CC Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 10PTS Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 11ATS

Solution Summary: The author explains the reaction of tertiary alcohols with strong acids results in a dehydration reaction, which leads to the formation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

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