The reaction of PBr 3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined. Concept Introduction: Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

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For the reaction 2 N2O5(g) → 4 NO2(g) + O2(g), the following mechanism has been proposed: N2O5 →> NO₂+ NO3_(K1) NO2 + NO3 → N2O5 (k-1) NO2 + NO3 → → NO2 + O2 + NO (K2) NO + N2O5- NO2 + NO2 + NO2 (K3) d[N₂O5] __2k‚k₂[N2O5] Indicate whether the following rate expression is acceptable: dt k₁₁+ k₂

Given the reaction R + Q → P, indicate the rate law with respect to R, with respect to P and with respect to P.

Steps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

Answer 6

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

Answer 7

Chapter 12.9, Problem 20ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of PBr3 with the given diol gives a dibromide molecule of which, the structure is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bromination of a diol usually results in the formation of bromide compounds due to nucleophilic substitution reactions. Reactions like these usually follow a mechanism, which usually results in a change in the configuration of the molecule.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A plausible mechanism for the formation of the cyclic ether by-product has to be determined along with the stereochemical justification of the molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Diols when undergoing nucleophilic substitution reactions, sometimes tend to undergo cyclization via intramolecular bonding to form a cyclic ether, under appropriate conditions. Depending upon the type of alcoholic group involved in the formation of the nucleophile, the stereochemical configuration of the product molecule varies.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2ATS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 9CC Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 10PTS Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 11ATS

Solution Summary: The author explains the formation of the cyclic ether by-product by assuming that the primary alcoholic group is attacked by PBr_ 3, forming an intermediate.

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Chapter 12 Solutions