Chapter 12.8, Problem 15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The hydrocarbon with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{4}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}$ that forms only two monochlorinated products has to be given.  Both the products should be achiral.

Concept introduction:

Radical or free radical: unpaired valence electron of an atom, molecule, or ion is called as radical.

Chiral: Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Achiral: A molecula has superimposable mirror images are called achiral.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called enantiomers

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The hydrocarbon with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{4}}{\text{H}}_{\text{10}}$ that forms only three monochlorinated products has to be given.  One is achiral and two should be chiral products.

Concept introduction:

Radical or free radical: unpaired valence electron of an atom, molecule, or ion is called as radical.

Chiral: Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Achiral: A molecula has superimposable mirror images are called achiral.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called enantiomers

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer