Loose Leaf For Anatomy & Physiology: An Integrative Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260162493
Author: McKinley Dr., Michael; O'Loughlin, Valerie; Bidle, Theresa
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12.5, Problem 19LO
Summary Introduction
To describe: The events of Wallerian degeneration and axon regrowth.
Concept introduction: Axons are the long, thin, cylindrical projections that extend from the cell body. Their length varies in length from few millimeters long to a one meter or more than one meter. An axon consists of microtubules, mitochondria, and neurofibrils. An axon propagates nerve impulses away from the cell body toward another neuron.
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a) What differences would you expect to see between the -DNA/+Amp and +DNA/+Amp plates?
b) Predict the growth you would expect to see on each of the following plates:
– DNA ___________________________________________________________
– DNA/+Amp ______________________________________________________
+DNA/+Amp ______________________________________________________
+DNA/+Amp/+IPTG _________________________________________________
1)Which plate did you see purple/pink/blue bacterial cells? Why did you see this growth? Explain your answer in terms of transformation and plasmids?
2) Calculating Transformation Efficiency
For the +DNA/+Amp/+IPTG plate, record the following:
Number of transformants (colonies): _________________
Nanograms of plasmid DNA added: 50 ng
Final recovery volume: 0.50 mL
Volume plated: 0.25 mL
Transformation efficiency equation:
Transformation efficiency = Number of transformants / µg of DNA x Final volume at recovery (mL)/ volume plated (mL)
3) Using the equation above, calculate the transformation efficiency.
4) Describe the success of the transformation efficiency of this demo based on the calculation you did above?
1) Look at the ideal results. Were your predictions accurate, and how did they compare with your results?
2) You used aseptic technique during this lab. Why is it important to work in a sterile manner when working with bacteria in the lab?
3) Why are the cells incubated at 42°C?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Anatomy & Physiology: An Integrative Approach
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 12.1 - Prob. 1WDLCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 12.1 - What are the two primary functional divisions of...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 12.1 - Prob. 5LOCh. 12.2 - What are the three connective tissue wrappings in...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 4WDL
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 7LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 8LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 12.2 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
9. Distinguish between fast...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 6WDLCh. 12.2 - Prob. 10LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 11LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 7WDLCh. 12.2 - Prob. 8WDLCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12LOCh. 12.3 - Prob. 13LOCh. 12.3 - Prob. 9WDLCh. 12.4 - Prob. 14LOCh. 12.4 - If a person has a brain tumor, is it more likely...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 15LOCh. 12.4 - Prob. 11WDLCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 12.4 - Prob. 16LOCh. 12.4 - Prob. 17LOCh. 12.4 - Prob. 13WDLCh. 12.5 - Prob. 18LOCh. 12.5 - Prob. 19LOCh. 12.5 - Prob. 14WDLCh. 12.5 - Prob. 15WDLCh. 12.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
20. Distinguish between a pump...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 16WDLCh. 12.6 - Prob. 21LOCh. 12.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
22. Identify and describe the...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 17WDLCh. 12.7 - Prob. 23LOCh. 12.7 - Prob. 18WDLCh. 12.7 - Prob. 24LOCh. 12.7 - Prob. 25LOCh. 12.7 - Prob. 26LOCh. 12.7 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 12.7 - Prob. 20WDLCh. 12.8 - Prob. 27LOCh. 12.8 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
28. Compare and contrast the...Ch. 12.8 - Prob. 29LOCh. 12.8 - Prob. 1WDTCh. 12.8 - How are EPSP and IPSP graded potentials...Ch. 12.8 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
30. Define summation, and...Ch. 12.8 - Prob. 22WDLCh. 12.8 - Prob. 31LOCh. 12.8 - Prob. 32LOCh. 12.8 - Prob. 33LOCh. 12.8 - How does depolarization and repolarization occur...Ch. 12.8 - Prob. 24WDLCh. 12.8 - Prob. 34LOCh. 12.8 - Prob. 35LOCh. 12.8 - Prob. 25WDLCh. 12.9 - Prob. 36LOCh. 12.9 - Prob. 26WDLCh. 12.9 - Prob. 37LOCh. 12.9 - Prob. 38LOCh. 12.9 - Prob. 27WDLCh. 12.9 - Prob. 39LOCh. 12.9 - Prob. 28WDLCh. 12.10 - Prob. 40LOCh. 12.10 - Prob. 41LOCh. 12.10 - Prob. 29WDLCh. 12.10 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
42. Describe how acetylcholine...Ch. 12.10 - Prob. 43LOCh. 12.10 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
2 Predict the general effect of...Ch. 12.10 - Prob. 30WDLCh. 12.10 - Prob. 44LOCh. 12.10 - Prob. 45LOCh. 12.10 - Prob. 31WDLCh. 12.11 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
46. Identify the four different...Ch. 12.11 - Prob. 32WDLCh. 12.11 - Prob. 33WDLCh. 12 - _____ 1. The cell body of a neuron does all of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 3DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 4DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 5DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 6DYBCh. 12 - _____ 7. An action potential is generated when...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 9DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 10DYBCh. 12 - What are the four structural types of neurons? How...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12DYBCh. 12 - How does myelination differ between the CNS and...Ch. 12 - Describe the procedure by which a PNS axon may...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 16DYBCh. 12 - Explain summation of EPSPs and IPSPs and the...Ch. 12 - Graph and explain the events associated with an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 19DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 20DYBCh. 12 - Prob. 1CALCh. 12 - Prob. 2CALCh. 12 - Prob. 3CALCh. 12 - Prob. 4CALCh. 12 - Sarah wants to call her new friend Julie and needs...Ch. 12 - Over a period of 6 to 9 months, Marianne began to...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 12 - Prob. 3CSL
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- Overview of Transformation Protocol -Prepare competent bacteria for transformation: Treat starter E. coli bacteria with CaCl2and Competent Cell Solution (CCS). Store on ice until transformation procedure. Competent cells are cells that are likely to take up foreign DNA and be transformed. This step increases the likelihood that the E. coli cells will take up the introduced vector and be transformed. -Transformation procedure: Obtain two microcentrifuge tubes containing your competent cells. Label one tube +DNA and one -DNA. Add CaCl2 to both tubes. Add the transformation mix containing the plasmid DNA to the tube labeled +DNA. Do not add any plasmid DNA to the -DNA tube. Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Then, place both tubes in a 42\deg C water bath for 45 seconds. Replace the tubes in an ice bucket for 2 minutes. Add recovery broth to both tubes. Incubate both tubes in a 37 C water bath for 5 minutes. Questions: 1) What differences would you expect to see between the…arrow_forwardOverview of Transformation Protocol -Prepare competent bacteria for transformation: Treat starter E. coli bacteria with CaCl2and Competent Cell Solution (CCS). Store on ice until transformation procedure. Competent cells are cells that are likely to take up foreign DNA and be transformed. This step increases the likelihood that the E. coli cells will take up the introduced vector and be transformed. -Transformation procedure: Obtain two microcentrifuge tubes containing your competent cells. Label one tube +DNA and one -DNA. Add CaCl2 to both tubes. Add the transformation mix containing the plasmid DNA to the tube labeled +DNA. Do not add any plasmid DNA to the -DNA tube. Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Then, place both tubes in a 42\deg C water bath for 45 seconds. Replace the tubes in an ice bucket for 2 minutes. Add recovery broth to both tubes. Incubate both tubes in a 37 C water bath for 5 minutes. Questions: 1)What is the selectable marker in this experiment? How…arrow_forwardBased on your results, which suspect's DNA best matches the DNA found at the crime scene?arrow_forward
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- Why are molecular approaches important to the field of microbial taxonomy and phylogeny? Phylogenetic inferences based on molecular approaches provide the most robust analysis of microbial evolution currently available. It allows for the collection of a large and accurate dataset from many organisms Almost no fossil record was left by microbes when compared to plants and animals All of the above None of the abovearrow_forwardYou will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. You have already cultured it and gone through the plate isolation procedure. Before you ship your samples off for sequencing, you want to do one final check of the A260 ratios. You get back the following ratios: A260/280 ratio is 1.89; A260/230 is 2.01. These ratios are close enough to the accepted "pure" values so they could be considered "pure" and mostly (if not completely) free of contaminants from the PCR process. True Falsearrow_forwardYou will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. After receiving your sequence back from the sequencing lab, you feel that you have, in fact, discovered and isolated a new species. You ask a fellow labmate about how you should proceed, and he tells you the following is the proper way to introduce a new species for recognition: Cultures have to be sent to international culture collections. Then a paper must be published describing the new organism and providing a genus and species name. You recall learning about this in your Microbiology course in college. Is this information from your colleague true or false? True Falsearrow_forward
- is often a good indication of phylogenetic relatedness in phenotypes. Life-cycle patterns Cleavage patterns O Gene expression O Morphological similarityarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a weakness of using 16S rRNA for phylogenetic analyses? It can only go down to the family and genus levels It takes months to complete O Both of the above O None of the abovearrow_forwardAn unrooted tree containing ten unrelated species can become rooted by adding a descendant group related to two of the species. an unrelated outgroup. O a distantly related outgroup. O a descendant related to only one of the species.arrow_forward
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