Practical Management Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305734845
Author: WINSTON
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 12.4, Problem 1P
Summary Introduction
To calculate: The optimal order quantity.
Inventory and supply chain models:
The functions of inventory and supply chain are one of the most important business decision areas for an organization. The first important aspect of these concepts is to have adequate inventory on hand. The second important aspect is to carry a little amount of inventory as possible.
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A retailer uses the order-up-to model to manage inventory of an item in a store. The leadtime for replenishments is four weeks and it can place orders weekly. Weekly demand isPoisson with mean 0.10 unit. Its order-up-to level is five and unfilled demand is backordered. What is the coefficient of variation of its orders?
Suppose the monthly demand for automobile tires at a tire dealer is Normally distributed with a mean of 250 tires and a standard deviation of 50 tires. How many tires must the store have in inventory at the beginning of each month to meet the demand 95% of the time?
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Practical Management Science
Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 1PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 2PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 3PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 4PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 5PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 6PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 7PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 8PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 9PCh. 12.4 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 11PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 13PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 14PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 15PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 16PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 17PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 18PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 19PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 20PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 21PCh. 12 - Prob. 27PCh. 12 - Prob. 28PCh. 12 - Prob. 29PCh. 12 - Prob. 30PCh. 12 - Prob. 31PCh. 12 - Prob. 32PCh. 12 - Prob. 33PCh. 12 - Prob. 34PCh. 12 - Prob. 35PCh. 12 - Prob. 36PCh. 12 - Prob. 38PCh. 12 - Prob. 39PCh. 12 - Prob. 40PCh. 12 - Prob. 42PCh. 12 - Prob. 43PCh. 12 - Prob. 44PCh. 12 - Prob. 45PCh. 12 - Prob. 46PCh. 12 - Prob. 47PCh. 12 - Prob. 48PCh. 12 - Prob. 49PCh. 12 - Prob. 53PCh. 12 - Prob. 54PCh. 12 - In terms of K, D, and h, what is the average...Ch. 12 - Prob. 56PCh. 12 - Prob. 57PCh. 12 - Prob. 58PCh. 12 - Prob. 59PCh. 12 - Prob. 60PCh. 12 - Prob. 61PCh. 12 - Prob. 62PCh. 12 - Prob. 63PCh. 12 - Prob. 64PCh. 12 - Prob. 65PCh. 12 - Prob. 66PCh. 12 - Prob. 67PCh. 12 - Prob. 68PCh. 12 - Prob. 69PCh. 12 - Prob. 70PCh. 12 - Prob. 71PCh. 12 - Prob. 1.1CCh. 12 - Prob. 1.2CCh. 12 - Prob. 1.3C
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- A golf specialty wholesaler operates 50 weeks per year. Management is trying to determine an inventory policy for its 1-irons, which have the following characteristics:Demand (D) = 2,000 units/yearDemand is normally distributedStandard deviation of weekly demand = 3 unitsOrdering cost = $40/orderAnnual holding cost (H) = $5/unitsDesired cycle-service level = 90 percentLead time (L) = 4 weeksa. If the company uses a periodic review system, what should P and T be? Round P to the nearest week.b. If the company uses a continuous review system, what should R be?arrow_forwardYou are the owner of Hotspices.com, an online retailer of hip, exotic, and hard-to-findspices. Consider your inventory of saffron, a spice (generally) worth more by weightthan gold. You order saffron from an overseas supplier with a shipping lead time of fourweeks and you order weekly. Average weekly demand is normally distributed with amean of 40 ounces and a standard deviation of 30 ounces.a. Suppose it uses an order-up-to level of 301 ounces. What is its expected on-hand inventory? b. Suppose it uses an order-up-to level of 250 ounces. What is its expected on-order inventory? c. Suppose it uses an order-up-to level of 368 ounces. What is its in-stock probability? d. Suppose it wants a .96 in-stock probability. What should its order-up-to level be?arrow_forwardAAA auto supply store sells snow tires which are ordered every Friday to meet next week's demand. The sales price for the most popular size is $50 per tire and its cost for AAA is $35. If too many tires are ordered AAA incurs an inventory carrying cost of $2 per tire. If AAA is out of stock, it forgoes the profits from missed sales. AAA has the option to order 100, 150, or 200 tires to meet next week's demand which can be either 100, 150, or 200 tires.Based on its historical demand distribution, assume that AAA Inc. has determined the followingprobability information: P(100) = 0.4, P(150) = 0.3, and P(200) = 0.3.a. Which alternative should be chosen based on the maximax criterion?b. Which alternative should be chosen based on the maximin criterion?c. Which alternative should be chosen based on the Lapalce criterion?d. Which alternative should be chosen based on criterion of realism with alpha = 0.7?e. Which alternative should be chosen based on the minimax regret criterion?f. Which…arrow_forward
- AAA auto supply store sells snow tires which are ordered every Friday to meet next week's demand. The sales price for the most popular size is $50 per tire and its cost for AAA is $35. If too many tires are ordered AAA incurs an inventory carrying cost of $2 per tire. If AAA is out of stock, it forgoes the profits from missed sales. AAA has the option to order 100, 150, or 200 tires to meet next week's demand which can be either 100, 150, or 200 tires.Based on its historical demand distribution, assume that AAA Inc. has determined the followingprobability information: P(100) = 0.4, P(150) = 0.3, and P(200) = 0.3 e. Which alternative should be chosen based on the minimax regret criterion? f. Which alternative should be chosen using the expected monetary value (EMV) criterion? g. What is the expected value under perfect information (EVPI)? Show Workarrow_forwardAn online retailer sells 1,500 t-shirts per year. The cost of the t-shirts to the store is $3.00 and the cost of placing an order is $15 per order. It cost $0.60 per t-shirt per year for the retailer to hold the t-shirts. The retailer sells the t-shirts for $9.99. Determine (a) the optimal order quantity, (b) the order frequency (c) the annual holding and setup cost.arrow_forwardPlease solve using excel. Thank you.arrow_forward
- 6. Cynthia Knott’s seafood restaurant buys fresh Nova Scotia lobster for $4.5 per pound and sells them for $9 per pound. Any lobsters not sold that day are sold to her cousin’s nearby grocery store for $1 per pound. Cynthia believes that demand follows the normal distribution, with a mean of 100 pounds and a standard deviation of 15 pounds. How many pounds should she order each day?arrow_forwardA product has a reorder point of 110 units and is ordered four times a year on average. The following table shows the historical distribution of demand values observed during lead time. Managers have noted that stockouts occur 30 percent of the time with this policy, and they question whether a change in inventory policy, to include some safety stock, might be an improvement. The managers realize that any safety stock would increase the service level, but they are worried about the increased costs of carrying the safety stock. Currently, stockouts are valued at $20 per unit per occurrence, while inventory carrying costs are $10 per unit per year. Demand Probability 100 0.20 110 0.35 120 0.30 130 0.15 What level of safety stock is best?arrow_forwardConsider the basic EOQ model (no uncertainty). Annual holding cost (???AHC) is $2,400. Find annual ordering cost (???AOC). Group of answer choices Cannot be answered because there is missing information AOC=$2,400, since AHC=AOC at the economic order quantity AOC=$0, since there is no uncertainty $1,200, since AOC=AHC/2 at economic order quantity. $4,800, since AOC=2 x AHC at economic order quantityarrow_forward
- It takes approximately 2 weeks (14 days) for an order ofsteel bolts to arrive once the order has been placed. The demandfor bolts is fa irly constant; on the average, the manager, MichelleWu, has observed that the hardware store sells 500 of these boltseach day. Because the demand is fairly constant, Michelle believesthat she can avoid stockouts completely if she orders the bolts atthe correct time. What is the reorder poin t?arrow_forwardAn electronics retailer wants to develop an inventory policy to achieve 99% chance of not getting stockouts for a chip. The daily demand for the chip is estimated to be Normal with mean 200 and standard deviation of 20. They count the chip inventory every 2 weeks to place an order, and it takes 11 days for the ordered chips to be delivered. The retailer operates 7 days a week, 365 days a year. They are going to implement an order-up-to model. A) What base stock level should they choose? B) What is the number of chips they would have on order (on average)? C) When they checked their inventory of chips to place a new order, they found that they ran out of stock completely. In addition, they have 10 chips on way to be delivered, while there are five customers who paid for 20 chips in total and are waiting to receive their chips. How many chips should the retailer order?arrow_forwardRay wishes to determine the optimal order quantity for its best-selling bike in his bike store. Ray pays the supplier a wholesale price of $118 each for this bike. Ray has estimated the average daily demand for this bike is 23 units. The store opens 304 days a year. The cost to carry one bike in the store for a whole year is 8% of the unit bike cost. Ray has estimated that, on average, the order processing cost, i.e., ordering cost, with the bike supplier each time is $152, and it roughly takes 20 working days to receive the order from the supplier. Ray wishes to avoid the stock-out situation with a probability of 95%, and this requires Ray to carry a safety stock of 30 bikes in the store. What is the optimal order quantity (EOQ value) that Ray should order each time from the bike supplier to minimize his long-run inventory cost?arrow_forward
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