Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259877827
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 12, Problem 80CP
To determine
Whether the temperature of the fluid increases, decreases or remain constant during the subsonic Rayleigh flow of air.
To Discus:
stagnation temperature
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 12 - What is dynamic temperature?Ch. 12 - Calculate the stagnation temperature and pressure...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - Prob. 7PCh. 12 - Prob. 8EPCh. 12 - Prob. 9PCh. 12 - Products of combustion enter a gas turbine with a...Ch. 12 - Is it possible to accelerate a gas to a supersonic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 72EPCh. 12 - Prob. 73P
Ch. 12 - Prob. 74PCh. 12 - Prob. 75PCh. 12 - For an ideal gas flowing through a normal shock,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 77CPCh. 12 - On a T-s diagram of Raleigh flow, what do the...Ch. 12 - What is the effect of heat gain and heat toss on...Ch. 12 - Prob. 80CPCh. 12 - Prob. 81CPCh. 12 - Prob. 82CPCh. 12 - Argon gas enters a constant cross-sectional area...Ch. 12 - Prob. 84EPCh. 12 - Prob. 85PCh. 12 - Prob. 86PCh. 12 - Prob. 87EPCh. 12 - Prob. 88PCh. 12 - Prob. 89PCh. 12 - Prob. 90PCh. 12 - Prob. 91PCh. 12 - Prob. 93CPCh. 12 - Prob. 94CPCh. 12 - Prob. 95CPCh. 12 - Prob. 96CPCh. 12 - Prob. 97CPCh. 12 - Prob. 98CPCh. 12 - Prob. 99CPCh. 12 - Prob. 100CPCh. 12 - Prob. 101PCh. 12 - Air enters a 5-cm-diameter, 4-m-long adiabatic...Ch. 12 - Helium gas with k=1.667 enters a 6-in-diameter...Ch. 12 - Air enters a 12-cm-diameter adiabatic duct at...Ch. 12 - Prob. 105PCh. 12 - Air flows through a 6-in-diameter, 50-ft-long...Ch. 12 - Air in a room at T0=300k and P0=100kPa is drawn...Ch. 12 - Prob. 110PCh. 12 - Prob. 112PCh. 12 - Prob. 113PCh. 12 - Prob. 114PCh. 12 - Prob. 115PCh. 12 - Prob. 116EPCh. 12 - A subsonic airplane is flying at a 5000-m altitude...Ch. 12 - Prob. 118PCh. 12 - Prob. 119PCh. 12 - Prob. 120PCh. 12 - Prob. 121PCh. 12 - Prob. 122PCh. 12 - Prob. 123PCh. 12 - An aircraft flies with a Mach number Ma1=0.9 at an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 125PCh. 12 - Helium expands in a nozzle from 220 psia, 740 R,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 127PCh. 12 - Prob. 128PCh. 12 - Prob. 129PCh. 12 - Prob. 130PCh. 12 - Prob. 131PCh. 12 - Prob. 132PCh. 12 - Prob. 133PCh. 12 - Prob. 134PCh. 12 - Prob. 135PCh. 12 - Prob. 136PCh. 12 - Prob. 137PCh. 12 - Prob. 138PCh. 12 - Air is cooled as it flows through a 30-cm-diameter...Ch. 12 - Prob. 140PCh. 12 - Prob. 141PCh. 12 - Prob. 142PCh. 12 - Prob. 145PCh. 12 - Prob. 148PCh. 12 - Prob. 149PCh. 12 - Prob. 150PCh. 12 - Prob. 151PCh. 12 - Prob. 153PCh. 12 - Prob. 154PCh. 12 - Prob. 155PCh. 12 - Prob. 156PCh. 12 - Prob. 157PCh. 12 - Prob. 158PCh. 12 - Prob. 159PCh. 12 - Prob. 160PCh. 12 - Prob. 161PCh. 12 - Prob. 162PCh. 12 - Assuming you have a thermometer and a device to...
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- For non-isentropic constant-area flow with stagnation temperature change the following relation was determined: Y 1 To _ ²(y + 1)M² (1 + ¹ Z ¹ M²) 2 TO (1+yM²)² It is possible to use the above equation and calculate the downstream Mach number without resorting to iteration for a flow where the upstream Mach number, as well as the upstream and downstream stagnation temperatures, are known. This is a common calculation for flows through engine combustors. Presuming the left side is a known quantity, show that the above equation can be directly solved as a quadratic in M² and which roots correspond to the subsonic/supersonic solution. Rewrite the equation as: aM4 + bM² + c = 0, and then M² = (−b ± √b² - 4ac)/2a. Determine the appropriate expressions for a, b, and c.arrow_forwardAir at 50 Kpa, 300 K, and Mach 2.0 passes through a normal shock. Determine: a) Total temperature and pressure upstream of the shock b) Total temperature and pressure downstream of the shock. I bakarrow_forwardConsider the following problem. We wish to design a convergent-divergentnozzle to expand a gas from rest to a given supersonic Mach number at the exit Me. How do we design the proper contour so that we have shock-free, isentropic flow in the nozzle?arrow_forward
- For isentropic air flow through a cd nozzle shown in figure, the stagnation conditions are To=300 K and P. = I bar, the throat area is 0.1 m² and the exit area is 0.2 m². If the Mach number at throat is 0.6, calculate the velocity and the density of the air at the exit. Po 1 bar TB-300 K Throat M₁ = 0.6 exit A₁-0.1 m² A-0.2 m²arrow_forwardHeat is rejected from the air flowing in a constant area duct. At the duct entrance, the air is moving at 200 m/s and possesses static conditions of 300 K and 100 kPa. If 50000 J/kg is rejected along the duct, find the exit Mach number, stagnation temperature change and the stagnation pressure change. [Ans. M2 = 0.48, To1 – To2 = 49.75 K, p02 – poi 13.02 kPa]arrow_forwardQ.2 Air which enters a diverging duct is slowed by a normal shock wave, as shown in figure. The airstream enters the duct at a Mach number of 3 and leaves it at a Mach number of 0.4. the exit cross-sectional area of the duct is twice the inlet cross- sectional area. Determine the pressure ratio across the normal shock wave, and the ratio of the exit pressure to the inlet pressure. M. = 0.4 M; = 3arrow_forward
- The tank is filled with air at 20°C and 139 kPa in stationary condition. Air is leaving the tank with flowing in a nozzle under steady-state condition. The flow is under isentropic and subsonic condition. The nozzle exit area is 18,59 cm?. After leaving from the nozzle, air strikes a vertical plate. Define the force [N] required to hold the plate stationary. (Note: Assume Pe=1 atm, kair=1.4, Rair=287 J/kg.K) Pte F Yanıt:arrow_forwardThe Mach number behind a normal shock wave is 0.4752. What is the Mach number in front of the wave? What are the density, pressure, and temperature ratios across the shock?arrow_forwardIn compressible flow, velocity measurements with a Pitot probe can be grossly in error if relations developed for incompressible flow are used. Therefore, it is essential that compressible flow relations be used when evaluating flow velocity from Pitot probe measurements. Consider supersonic flow of air through a channel. A probe inserted into the flow causes a shock wave to occur upstream of the probe, and it measures the stagnation pressure and temperature to be 620 kPa and 340 K, respectively. If the static pressure upstream is 110 kPa, determine the flow velocity.arrow_forward
- Hydrogen entering a supersonic nozzle at 450 m/s. The inlet conditions are 10 kPa and 450 °C. The nozzle exit diameter is adjusted such that the exiting velocity is 800 m/s. The exiting temperature is nearest:arrow_forwardA flow of air with Mach number M1 = 2, pressure p1 = 0.7 atm, and temperature 630 degR is turned away from itself through an angle of 26.38 deg. Determine the Mach number, the staticpressure, the static temperature, and the stagnation pressure after the turn (all pressures in atm).Also determine the Mach angles at the beginning and end of the expansion fan.arrow_forwardAn aircraft is flying at 440 km/hr at 3 km on a standard day. What is the aircraft Mach Number?arrow_forward
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