Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 4TY
Receptor adaptation results when:
a. sensory neurons stop sending action potentials
b. a stimulus is discontinued
c. action potentials from different neurons cancel one another out
d. the action potentials do not reach the brain
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Which of the following statements are true of sensory pathways? (Read carefully and select all the correct statements.)
A.
Sensory neurons carry impulses from receptors to the CNS.
B.
Sensory tracts include peripheral nerves such as the femoral nerve.
C.
Sensory receptors are different in that each type detects a specific type of change.
D.
Sensory receptors are similar in that they all interpret impulses the same way.
E.
Most of the sensory areas are in the cerebral cortex.
F.
The cranial nerves involved in sensations are part of sensory tracts.
Explain the difference between slow adapting and fast adapting receptors for touch.
Give an example of a situation where each type of receptor would be activated.
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Transduction of a stimulus usually causes depolarization of a sensory receptor.
a.)In most receptors, what is the chemical basis for this depolarization (that is, what is the specific mechanism for the change)?b.)How is a photoreceptor different from other receptors in terms of its membrane potential? c.) Explain how photoreceptors in the light can lead to excitation of some bipolar cells and inhibition of others
Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12 -
2. Should the use of all hand-held devices,...Ch. 12 - Do you approve of the law in five states that a...Ch. 12 -
1. List the five classifications of receptors in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CRCh. 12 -
3. Describe what information the somatic...Ch. 12 - Name the five special senses.Ch. 12 - Compare and contrast fast pain, slow pain, and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6CRCh. 12 - Prob. 7CR
Ch. 12 - Prob. 8CRCh. 12 - Prob. 9CRCh. 12 - Prob. 10CRCh. 12 - What do the receptors in the skin for light touch...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2TYCh. 12 - Prob. 3TYCh. 12 - Receptor adaptation results when: a. sensory...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5TYCh. 12 - Different pitched sounds will result in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 7TYCh. 12 - Prob. 8TYCh. 12 - Prob. 9TYCh. 12 - Prob. 10TYCh. 12 - Prob. 11TYCh. 12 - Prob. 12TYCh. 12 - Prob. 13TYCh. 12 - Prob. 14TYCh. 12 - Which of the following can be corrected with...Ch. 12 - With the eyes closed, would an astronaut in outer...Ch. 12 - Why do you suppose that you are not normally aware...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 7AWK
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- Which of the following changes to an action potential indicates a larger stimulus? a. Increased frequency b. Increased wavelength c. Increased amplitude d. Increased speedarrow_forwardTonic receptors a.are fast-adapting. b.do not fire continuously to a sustained stimulus. c.produce action potentials at a greater frequency as the generator potential is increased. d.are described by all of these.arrow_forwardOnce the gated channels are open and positive ions begin to enter the neuron,we have the start of a(n) A.stimulus B.resting potential C.a reaction D.impulsearrow_forward
- As the strength of a depolarizing stimulus to an axon is increased, a. the amplitude of action potentials increases. b. the duration of action potentials increases. c. the speed with which action potentials are conducted increases. d. the frequency with which action potentials are produced increases.arrow_forwardHow does the frequency of action potentials in the primary sensory neuron code for stimulus intensity? (Human Physiology)arrow_forwardYou touch a hot stove and withdraw your hand before you perceive the pain. Identify the neural pathway involved in this response. a. stimulus --> motor neuron --> interneuron --> brain --> sensory neuron b. stimulas --> sensory neuron --> interneuron --> brain --> motor neuron c. effector --> sensory neuron --> interneuron --> brain --> motor neuron --> stimulus d. effector --> motor neuron --> interneuron --> sensory neuron --> stimulas e. stimulas --> sensory neuron --> interneuron --> motor neuronarrow_forward
- What is/are true statements about Action Potentials? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices: A. action potentials propagate down axons B. information is coded through the frequency of action potentials C. action potentials are slower in myelinated axons D. action potentials vary depending on the strength of the stimulusarrow_forwardMany choice: What would happen if there were an inactivating mutation in voltage-gated sodium channels expressed in only nociceptive neurons? Select one or more: a. The person would lose all sensation to the skin b. The person would be paralyzed c. The person would not experience pain. d. The person would injure themselves often.arrow_forwardDescribe how receptor adaptation works.arrow_forward
- Which of the following differentiates PMA from SMA? a. SMA and PMA are located in different cortical areas. b. One has a role in planning of movement, the other does not. c. SMA and PMA mediate different sensory functions. d. SMA and PMA send axons that innervate different motor units.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about sensory systems is NOT true? a. Sensory transduction involves the conversion (by either a direct or indirect mechanism) of a physical or chemical stimulus into changes in membrane potential difference. b. Sensory adaptation plays a role in the ability of organisms to discriminate between important and unimportant information. c. The term "sensory adaptation" refers to the process by which a sensory cell becomes less sensitive, or less responsive, to a continuing source of stimulation. d. In general, a stimulus causes a change in the flow of charged ions across the plasma membrane of a sensory receptor cell. e. The more intense a stimulus is, the greater the peak depolarization of the action potentials fired by the sensory neuron.arrow_forwardCertain cells in the retina respond differently to the direction in which objects move. To understand how cells in the retina respond to different visual stimuli, the activity of a retinal ganglion cell was measured while a square moved across its visual field. Which statement best explains the increases in voltage during the periodic spikes? A. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes sodium channels to close. B. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes sodium channels to open. C. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes potassium channels to close. D. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes potassium channels to open.arrow_forward
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